Solhaug J H, Bergman L, Kylberg F
Ann Clin Res. 1983;15(1):15-20.
In a prospective, randomized blind study either 400 mg doxycycline or 1500 mg metronidazole were given intravenously in a single preoperative dose to 147 consecutive patients before elective colorectal surgery. Septic complications mainly caused by a mixed flora of aerobes and anaerobes occurred in 13% of the patients in the doxycycline group. Septic complications occurred in 29% of the patients in the metronidazole group and were caused by E. coli and coliform rods. Bacteriological studies showed a marked reduction of anaerobes in peroperative samples in this group. Most postoperative infections were superficial and mild wound infections. The inactivity of metronidazole against aerobes resulted in an unacceptable high frequency of septic complications caused by aerobic bacteria. For chemoprophylaxis metronidazole should therefore be combined with an antimicrobial agent against aerobic bacteria.
在一项前瞻性、随机双盲研究中，对147例择期结直肠手术患者术前单次静脉注射400毫克强力霉素或1500毫克甲硝唑。强力霉素组13%的患者发生了主要由需氧菌和厌氧菌混合菌群引起的感染性并发症。甲硝唑组29%的患者发生了感染性并发症，由大肠杆菌和大肠杆状菌引起。细菌学研究表明，该组术中样本中的厌氧菌明显减少。大多数术后感染为表浅且轻微的伤口感染。甲硝唑对需氧菌无活性导致由需氧菌引起的感染性并发症发生率高得令人无法接受。因此，对于化学预防，甲硝唑应与一种抗需氧菌的抗菌剂联合使用。
