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婴儿腹部手术期间甲硝唑单剂量预防用药:一项药代动力学研究。

Single dose prophylaxis with metronidazole in infants during abdominal surgery: a pharmacokinetic study.

作者信息

Rubenson A, Rosetzsky A

出版信息

Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;29(5):625-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00635904.

DOI:10.1007/BF00635904
PMID:3956567
Abstract

Plasma metronidazole was measured following a single intravenous dose of 20 mg/kg (Flagyl 5 mg/ml) in 12 infants less than 1 year of age undergoing abdominal surgery. In all patients sufficient plasma concentrations, well above the MIC values for anaerobic bacteria, were found for at least 16 h. A prolonged half-life was demonstrated in the group less than 8 weeks of age (t1/2/18.4 h). The group over 8 weeks of age demonstrated a t1/2 comparable to that seen in adults (t1/2 7 h).

摘要

对12名1岁以下接受腹部手术的婴儿单次静脉注射20mg/kg(甲硝唑5mg/ml)后测定血浆甲硝唑浓度。在所有患者中,发现至少16小时内血浆浓度充足,远高于厌氧菌的最低抑菌浓度值。8周龄以下组显示半衰期延长(t1/2为18.4小时)。8周龄以上组的半衰期与成人相似(t1/2为7小时)。

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1
Single dose prophylaxis with metronidazole in infants during abdominal surgery: a pharmacokinetic study.婴儿腹部手术期间甲硝唑单剂量预防用药:一项药代动力学研究。
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;29(5):625-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00635904.
2
Design and trial of a metronidazole loading dose regimen for patients undergoing emergency surgery.
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Br J Clin Pract. 1985 Jan;39(1):12-3.
4
Metronidazole prophylaxis against wound infection in patients undergoing appendicectomy.
Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1981;70(2):71-4.
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Single-dose prophylaxis with cefotetan in elective abdominal surgery. A controlled trial.头孢替坦单剂量预防用于择期腹部手术:一项对照试验。
Chemioterapia. 1988 Aug;7(4):218-22.
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Ceftriaxone vs. ampicillin + metronidazole as prophylaxis against infections after clean-contaminated abdominal surgery.头孢曲松与氨苄西林+甲硝唑用于清洁-污染性腹部手术后预防感染的比较
Eur J Surg. 1991 Jan;157(1):45-9.
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["Single shot" prevention in abdominal surgery. Antibiotics with long half-life (ceftriaxone, ornidazole) vs. antibiotics with short half-life (cefazolin, metronidazole, clindamycin)].腹部手术中的“单次给药”预防。长半衰期抗生素(头孢曲松、奥硝唑)与短半衰期抗生素(头孢唑林、甲硝唑、克林霉素)的对比
Helv Chir Acta. 1994 Apr;60(4):483-8.
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Use and Effectiveness of Peri-Operative Cefotetan versus Cefazolin Plus Metronidazole for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Abdominal Surgery Patients.围手术期使用头孢替坦与头孢唑林加甲硝唑预防腹部手术患者手术部位感染的应用及有效性
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Pre-operation single-dose cefuroxime antimicrobial prophylaxis with and without metronidazole in elective gastrointestinal surgery.在择期胃肠手术中使用头孢呋辛进行术前单剂量抗菌药物预防,联合或不联合甲硝唑。
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1980 May;6(3):393-9. doi: 10.1093/jac/6.3.393.

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本文引用的文献

1
A rapid and specific semi-micro method involving high-pressure liquid chromatography for the assay of metronidazole in plasma, saliva, serum, urine and whole blood.一种快速且特异的半微量方法,该方法涉及高压液相色谱法,用于测定血浆、唾液、血清、尿液和全血中的甲硝唑。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1980 May;9(5):528-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1980.tb05856.x.
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Single and multiple dose cotrimoxazole and metronidazole in colorectal surgery.
Br J Surg. 1980 Feb;67(2):90-2. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800670206.
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A survey of Bacteroides susceptibility in the United States.美国拟杆菌药敏情况调查。
Pharmacokinetics of anti-infective agents in paediatric patients.
抗感染药物在儿科患者中的药代动力学。
Clin Pharmacokinet. 1994 May;26(5):374-95. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199426050-00005.
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Clinical pharmacology of the perinatal period and early infancy.围产期和婴儿早期的临床药理学。
Clin Pharmacokinet. 1989;17 Suppl 1:13-28. doi: 10.2165/00003088-198900171-00004.
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Clinical pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and other nitroimidazole anti-infectives.甲硝唑及其他硝基咪唑类抗感染药物的临床药代动力学
Clin Pharmacokinet. 1992 Nov;23(5):328-64. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199223050-00002.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1981 Dec;8 Suppl D:27-31. doi: 10.1093/jac/8.suppl_d.27.
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Activity of metronidazole and its hydroxy and acid metabolites against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.甲硝唑及其羟基和酸性代谢产物对厌氧菌临床分离株的活性。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1982 Sep;22(3):426-30. doi: 10.1128/AAC.22.3.426.
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In vitro activity of the two principal oxidative metabolites of metronidazole against Bacteroides fragilis and related species.甲硝唑的两种主要氧化代谢产物对脆弱拟杆菌及相关菌种的体外活性。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1982 Jul;22(1):165-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.22.1.165.
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Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of metronidazole in the new born infant.
J Pediatr. 1982 Apr;100(4):651-4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80779-8.
7
Comparative in vitro activities of niridazole and metronidazole against anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria.硝唑尼特和甲硝唑对厌氧及微需氧菌的体外比较活性
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1982 Aug;22(2):332-3. doi: 10.1128/AAC.22.2.332.
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Disposition kinetics of metronidazole in children.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;24(1):113-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00613937.
9
A randomized evaluation of single dose chemoprophylaxis in elective colorectal surgery--a comparison between metronidazole and doxycycline.择期结直肠手术中单剂量化学预防的随机评估——甲硝唑与多西环素的比较
Ann Clin Res. 1983;15(1):15-20.
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Clinical pharmacokinetics of metronidazole.甲硝唑的临床药代动力学
Clin Pharmacokinet. 1983 Jan-Feb;8(1):43-62. doi: 10.2165/00003088-198308010-00003.