Harrington R A, Hamilton C W, Brogden R N, Linkewich J A, Romankiewicz J A, Heel R C
Drugs. 1983 May;25(5):451-94. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198325050-00002.
Since previously reviewed in the Journal (Vol. 12, No. 2), metoclopramide has been confirmed as an effective drug in treating and preventing various types of vomiting and as a useful agent in oesophageal reflux disease, gastroparesis, dyspepsia, and in a variety of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Of considerable importance is the recent evidence of its efficacy when administered intravenously in high dosages in preventing severe vomiting associated with cisplatin. Good results have been achieved in patients not previously treated with cisplatin, but further studies are needed to determine its level of efficacy in patients who have experienced severe vomiting during earlier courses of cytotoxic therapy. Side effects consisting of mild sedation, diarrhoea and reversible extrapyramidal reactions have occurred, but are tolerated by many patients.
自《杂志》（第12卷，第2期）之前进行综述以来，甲氧氯普胺已被确认为治疗和预防各类呕吐的有效药物，也是治疗食管反流病、胃轻瘫、消化不良及多种功能性胃肠疾病的有用药物。近期有证据表明，大剂量静脉注射甲氧氯普胺可有效预防与顺铂相关的严重呕吐，这一点相当重要。此前未接受过顺铂治疗的患者已取得良好疗效，但仍需进一步研究以确定其在先前细胞毒性治疗过程中出现过严重呕吐的患者中的疗效水平。已出现包括轻度镇静、腹泻和可逆性锥体外系反应在内的副作用，但许多患者能够耐受。
