Cohen S E, Parmelee A H
Child Dev. 1983 Oct;54(5):1242-53.
The development of a group of 100 preterm infants, mean birth weight 1,877 grams, from a broad range of social class and ethnic backgrounds was followed from birth to age 5. Assessments in infancy were directed at medical problems and early perceptual, motor, social, and cognitive development. The child's performance on the Stanford-Binet test at age 5 could not be predicted from early hazardous events in the obstetrical or neonatal period. The results indicate that developmental outcome at age 5 could be predicted moderately from a single measure, infant visual attention, administered as early as term date. Prediction was improved by using a combination of assessments given during the first 9 months. Furthermore, prediction was significantly better for girls than for boys. Although moderate stability in performance was found for the group as a whole, prediction of an individual's performance resulted in a substantial number of children being misclassified. Social factors were more important than any other set of factors in relating to the child's mental performance at age 5.
对一组100名早产儿进行了跟踪研究，这些早产儿的平均出生体重为1877克，来自广泛的社会阶层和种族背景，从出生一直跟踪到5岁。婴儿期的评估针对医疗问题以及早期的感知、运动、社交和认知发展。根据产科或新生儿期的早期危险事件，无法预测孩子在5岁时的斯坦福-比奈测试成绩。结果表明，早在预产期时进行的单一测量——婴儿视觉注意力，能够适度预测5岁时的发育结果。通过综合使用前9个月内进行的多项评估，预测效果得到了改善。此外，女孩的预测效果明显优于男孩。虽然从整体来看该组表现出一定程度的稳定性，但对个体表现的预测仍导致大量儿童被误分类。在与孩子5岁时的智力表现相关方面，社会因素比其他任何因素组都更为重要。
