Macdonald I A, Bennett T, Brown A M, Wilcox R G, Skene A M
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1984 Mar;17(3):283-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02343.x.
We have studied the effects of single oral doses of, and of 28 days treatment with, placebo, propranolol or metoprolol, on the metabolic and hormonal responses to prolonged exercise in hypertensive men. Blood glucose levels fell during exercise on all occasions. No additional effects of the beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, compared to placebo, were observed. The exercise-induced increase in plasma potassium was enhanced after a single dose of propranolol or metoprolol, and also after chronic treatment with propranolol. Chronic treatment with either drug led to an increase in plasma potassium levels at rest. The growth hormone response to exercise was potentiated by a single dose of metoprolol or propranolol, and after chronic treatment with the drugs. A single dose of propranolol (but not metoprolol) was associated with a marked increase in plasma cortisol and adrenaline levels during exercise. After chronic treatment no such increase occurred. In both the acute and chronic phases of the study, blood lactate levels were higher during exercise in the presence of either propranolol or metoprolol compared to placebo, whereas non-esterified fatty acid levels were lower. A single dose of metoprolol produced a significantly greater reduction in blood glycerol levels during exercise than a single dose of propranolol. After chronic treatment, both propranolol and metoprolol produced similar reductions in blood glycerol levels during exercise. After a single dose, both drugs significantly augmented the increase in plasma noradrenaline levels during exercise. A similar effect was seen after chronic treatment.
我们研究了单次口服安慰剂、普萘洛尔或美托洛尔以及连续28天服用这些药物，对高血压男性长时间运动时代谢和激素反应的影响。在所有情况下，运动期间血糖水平都会下降。与安慰剂相比，未观察到β-肾上腺素能拮抗剂有额外的作用。单次服用普萘洛尔或美托洛尔后，以及普萘洛尔长期治疗后，运动诱导的血浆钾升高均增强。两种药物的长期治疗均导致静息时血浆钾水平升高。单次服用美托洛尔或普萘洛尔以及药物长期治疗后，运动时生长激素反应均增强。单次服用普萘洛尔（而非美托洛尔）与运动期间血浆皮质醇和肾上腺素水平显著升高有关。长期治疗后未出现这种升高。在研究的急性期和慢性期，与安慰剂相比，运动期间同时存在普萘洛尔或美托洛尔时血乳酸水平更高，而非酯化脂肪酸水平更低。单次服用美托洛尔在运动期间使血甘油水平降低的幅度明显大于单次服用普萘洛尔。长期治疗后，普萘洛尔和美托洛尔在运动期间使血甘油水平降低的幅度相似。单次服用后，两种药物均显著增强运动期间血浆去甲肾上腺素水平的升高。长期治疗后也观察到类似效果。
