Ketola H G
J Anim Sci. 1983 Jan;56(1):101-7. doi: 10.2527/jas1983.561101x.
Triplicate lots of fry of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were fed a basal diet (47% protein) containing 67% corn gluten meal with and without a mixture of essential amino acids. The composition of the mixture was based on the differences between the amino acid contents of corn gluten meal and trout eggs. Fry fed the basal diet without added essential amino acids gained little weight, suffered high mortality and had eroded caudal fins. Addition of the mixture of amino acids (lysine, arginine, histidine, isoleucine, threonine, valine and tryptophan) significantly improved weight gain and prevented nearly all mortality and fin erosion. Single deletions of the amino acids valine, tryptophan, threonine, histidine and isoleucine had no significant effect on weight gain but the deletion of lysine alone significantly reduced weight gain and caused fin erosion and mortality. Deletion of arginine reduced weight gain (P less than .05), but did not cause mortality or fin erosion. Feeding graded levels of each of these two amino acids showed that the minimum lysine requirement for maximum growth was about 6.1% of protein, and the minimum arginine requirement was between 5.4 and 5.9% of protein. The lysine requirements for prevention of fin erosion and mortality appeared to be lower than that for maximum weight gain.
对三批虹鳟鱼苗（萨氏虹鳟）投喂含67%玉米蛋白粉的基础饲料（蛋白质含量47%），一组添加必需氨基酸混合物，另一组不添加。该混合物的组成基于玉米蛋白粉和鳟鱼卵氨基酸含量的差异。投喂未添加必需氨基酸的基础饲料的鱼苗体重增加很少，死亡率高，尾鳍糜烂。添加氨基酸混合物（赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸和色氨酸）显著提高了体重增加，并几乎完全防止了死亡和鳍糜烂。单独缺失缬氨酸、色氨酸、苏氨酸、组氨酸和异亮氨酸对体重增加没有显著影响，但单独缺失赖氨酸显著降低了体重增加，并导致鳍糜烂和死亡。缺失精氨酸降低了体重增加（P小于0.05），但未导致死亡或鳍糜烂。对这两种氨基酸的分级投喂水平表明，最大生长所需的最低赖氨酸需求量约为蛋白质的6.1%，最低精氨酸需求量在蛋白质的5.4%至5.9%之间。防止鳍糜烂和死亡所需的赖氨酸需求量似乎低于最大体重增加所需的量。
