Horký K
Czech Med. 1983;6(2):91-106.
On the basis of a critical analysis of the literature and of his own results, the author submits a survey of the role of humoral factors in the etiopathogenesis of the various types of arterial hypertension. The role of pressor and depressor factors in the pathogenesis of hypertension must be comprehended in close association with the other, non-humoral mechanism of blood pressure regulation. Hypertension can develop as a result of hyperactivity of one or more factors of pressor systems, including the sympathoadrenal system, the renin-angiotensin system and mineralocorticoids, or of reduced activity of one or more components of depressor systems, i.e. prostaglandins and the kallikrein-kinin system. In recent years increased attention has been paid to monoaminergic and peptidergic transmitters of nerve impulses in the CNS and at the periphery, to the role of the natriuretic factor and to anomalies of mechanisms of sodium transport across the cell membrane. The role of the various mechanisms in the different types of arterial hypertension tends to vary and during the disease their share changes according to the stage of hypertension. In clinical practice examination of the activity of humoral factors can contribute to the differential diagnosis (particularly of secondary forms of hypertension) and to certain therapeutic decisions, but always in the context of the other clinical and laboratory findings.
基于对文献及自身研究结果的批判性分析，作者对体液因素在各类动脉高血压发病机制中的作用进行了综述。必须将升压和降压因素在高血压发病机制中的作用与其他非体液性血压调节机制紧密联系起来理解。高血压可能是由于一种或多种升压系统因素（包括交感 - 肾上腺系统、肾素 - 血管紧张素系统和盐皮质激素）活性过高，或者降压系统（即前列腺素和激肽释放酶 - 激肽系统）的一种或多种成分活性降低所致。近年来，人们越来越关注中枢神经系统和外周神经冲动的单胺能和肽能递质、利钠因子的作用以及细胞膜钠转运机制的异常。各种机制在不同类型动脉高血压中的作用往往有所不同，并且在疾病过程中，它们的作用份额会根据高血压的阶段而变化。在临床实践中，对体液因素活性的检测有助于鉴别诊断（特别是继发性高血压形式）并做出某些治疗决策，但这始终要结合其他临床和实验室检查结果。
