Lambert M A, Moss C W
J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Dec;18(6):1370-7. doi: 10.1128/jcm.18.6.1370-1377.1983.
The cellular fatty acid compositions of Legionella oakridgensis, Brucella suis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Francisella tularensis were compared after base hydrolysis (saponification), acid hydrolysis, and acid methanolysis procedures were used to release the fatty acids. The branched-chain, unsaturated, saturated, and ester-linked hydroxy acids were released as effectively with saponification at 100 degrees C for 30 min as with acid hydrolysis or acid methanolysis at 85 degrees C for 16 h. Although the amide-linked hydroxy acids were released more effectively by acid hydrolysis or acid methanolysis, these methods degraded the cyclopropane fatty acids, producing a number of new peaks or artifacts in the chromatograms. Cyclopropane fatty acids were not degraded by saponification, and at least 50% of the hydroxy acids were released when the cells were saponified with 15% NaOH in 50% aqueous methanol. Thus, the results show that saponification for 30 min at 100 degrees C with 15% NaOH, followed by methylation is an excellent method for routine fatty acid analysis of bacteria and for screening cultures whose identity and fatty acid composition are unknown.
在采用碱水解（皂化）、酸水解和酸甲醇解程序释放脂肪酸后，对橡树岭军团菌、猪布鲁氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌和土拉弗朗西斯菌的细胞脂肪酸组成进行了比较。100℃皂化30分钟释放支链、不饱和、饱和及酯连接羟基酸的效果与85℃酸水解或酸甲醇解16小时相同。虽然酸水解或酸甲醇解能更有效地释放酰胺连接羟基酸，但这些方法会降解环丙烷脂肪酸，在色谱图中产生许多新峰或假象。皂化不会降解环丙烷脂肪酸，当细胞在50%甲醇水溶液中用15%氢氧化钠皂化时，至少50%的羟基酸会被释放。因此，结果表明，100℃用15%氢氧化钠皂化30分钟，然后进行甲基化，是细菌常规脂肪酸分析以及筛选身份和脂肪酸组成未知培养物的极佳方法。
