Suita S, Ikeda K, Hayashida Y, Naito K, Handa N, Doki T
J Pediatr Surg. 1984 Apr;19(2):126-30. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(84)80431-5.
Zinc and copper requirements and metabolism in surgical neonates on parenteral nutrition were monitored. Without a supplementation of zinc, the plasma zinc level decreased in the second week and became severe with time. In full-term babies, for up to 4 weeks of parenteral nutrition, 40 micrograms/kg/d was adequate to maintain the plasma zinc level within a normal range. For extended periods of parenteral nutrition, the dose of zinc can be reduced without excess loss of this mineral. However, premature babies in the zinc-supplemented group showed a decreased zinc level in the fourth week of parenteral nutrition, indicating that 40 micrograms/kg/d of zinc supplementation was inadequate for premature surgical babies. Infants with enterostomy require increased amounts of zinc, even up to 300 micrograms/kg/d. Copper levels revealed little change, up to 4 weeks of this feeding. In the presence of increased fluid loss through gastrointestinal fistulas, deficiency of copper occurred and the copper requirements increased. Careful monitoring is necessary to ensure an adequate supply of these minerals to surgical neonates.
监测了接受肠外营养的外科手术新生儿的锌和铜需求及代谢情况。在不补充锌的情况下，血浆锌水平在第二周下降，并随时间推移而变得严重。对于足月儿，在长达4周的肠外营养期间，每天40微克/千克的锌足以将血浆锌水平维持在正常范围内。对于较长时间的肠外营养，锌的剂量可以减少而不会导致这种矿物质过度流失。然而，补充锌的早产婴儿在肠外营养的第四周锌水平下降，这表明每天40微克/千克的锌补充量对于早产外科手术婴儿是不足的。有肠造口术的婴儿需要增加锌的摄入量，甚至高达每天300微克/千克。在这种喂养方式下长达4周的时间里，铜水平几乎没有变化。在通过胃肠瘘导致液体流失增加的情况下，会出现铜缺乏，并且铜需求增加。必须进行仔细监测，以确保为外科手术新生儿充分供应这些矿物质。
