Effects of cyclopropene fatty acids on the lipid composition of the Morris hepatoma 7288C.

Fatty acids of Sterculia foetida were added to the medium used to maintain the Morris hepatoma 7288C in culture. The effect of this supplement on the lipid composition was examined. Overall, monoene levels were decreased with 18:1 levels reduced by 40%. Saturated fatty acid levels were increased, with stearate (18:0) levels 220% of control values. No effect occurred on the level of polyunsaturates (18:2, 20:4, 22:5, 22:6). These changes in fatty acid makeup were observed in both neutral and phospholipid fractions, and all lipid classes were affected. Triglycerides were most affected with a 66% decrease in 18:1. There appeared to be little specificity of effect in the phospholipids with 18:1 levels decreased 40-60% in all classes. All classes were therefore dependent on an endogenous supply of 18:1. Examination of the distribution of geometrical isomers of 18:1 reveals that in all lipid classes, except diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), the ratio of delta 11 to delta 9 isomer decreased toward the isomeric distribution displayed by total medium lipids. In DPG, although 18:1 levels were lowered, the isomeric distribution increased. DPG, synthesized and found in the mitochondria, may use a separate pool of 18:1 during synthesis. Cyclopropene fatty acids (sterculic and malvalic) were incorporated into both neutral and phospholipid fractions with preferential incorporation into triglycerides. Cyclopropene fatty acids were not selectively incorporated into any phospholipid species. Sphingomyelin did not incorporate cyclopropene fatty acids, indicating that a different class of acyltransferase is used in the formation of this phospholipid class.