Eng R H, Smith S M, Cherubin C
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984 Jul;26(1):42-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.26.1.42.
The degree of the inoculum effect shown by the new beta-lactam antibiotics with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated, and the antibiotics were divided into three groups based upon the observations. The group 1 antibiotics (cefotaxime, moxalactam, cefoperazone, azlocillin, piperacillin, and aztreonam) demonstrated a large inoculum effect, were poorly bactericidal, produced aberrant, elongated bacilli, and did not inhibit the increase in turbidity of high inocula during an 18-h incubation. The group 2 antibiotics (ceftazidime and ticarcillin) were slowly bactericidal, caused minimal formation of aberrant, elongated bacilli, and slowly decreased the turbidity of high inocula. The group 3 antibiotics (imipenem and gentamicin) were bactericidal, did not cause the formation of elongated bacilli, and decreased the turbidity of high inocula rapidly. Data are presented which suggest that the inoculum effect seen with the group 1 beta-lactam antibiotics is related to (i) the poor intrinsic antibactericidal activity of these antibiotics for P. aeruginosa at the inocula tested and (ii) failure of these antibiotics to inhibit the formation of aberrant and filamentous bacilli, which can result in increased bacterial mass and turbidity.
研究了新型β-内酰胺类抗生素对铜绿假单胞菌的接种物效应程度，并根据观察结果将这些抗生素分为三组。第1组抗生素（头孢噻肟、拉氧头孢、头孢哌酮、阿洛西林、哌拉西林和氨曲南）表现出较大的接种物效应，杀菌能力差，产生异常的细长杆菌，并且在18小时培养期间不能抑制高接种量菌液的浊度增加。第2组抗生素（头孢他啶和替卡西林）杀菌作用缓慢，导致异常细长杆菌的形成最少，并且缓慢降低高接种量菌液的浊度。第3组抗生素（亚胺培南和庆大霉素）具有杀菌作用，不会导致细长杆菌的形成，并且能迅速降低高接种量菌液的浊度。所呈现的数据表明，第1组β-内酰胺类抗生素的接种物效应与以下因素有关：（i）在测试接种量下，这些抗生素对铜绿假单胞菌的固有杀菌活性较差；（ii）这些抗生素未能抑制异常和丝状杆菌的形成，这可能导致细菌量增加和浊度升高。
