Martínez Domínguez V, Gallego Garbajosa P, Mg Gyi M, Tamondong C T, Sundaresan T, Bechelli L M, Lwin K, Sansarricq H, Walter J, Noussitou F M
Bull World Health Organ. 1980;58(1):81-9.
In the course of a WHO trial designed to evaluate the possible protective action of BCG vaccine against leprosy, a longitudinal epidemiological study of the whole population was carried out in an area of very high endemicity in Burma from 1964 to 1976. Two mass surveys of the whole population with an interval of 4 years and annual re-examination of the 28 000 children (0-14 years) in the BCG trial were carried out. The data collected yielded important information about general prevalence and yearly incidence of the disease as well as on sex, age, and classification of cases. The general prevalence rate declined from 32.6 per 1000 in the first survey to 25.2 per 1000 in the second. The number of cases among males was significantly higher than among females. Incidence rate among contacts of already known cases was 9.8 per 1000 person-years. The estimated yearly incidence among non-contacts was 5.9 per 1000. Prevalence rates reached a peak in the 20-39-year age group. The prevalence rate of multibacillary patients also reached a peak in the same age bracket. It is stressed that a further period of epidemiological surveillance will be essential in order to have a correct estimate of the expected number of new infections, especially multibacillary cases, in the 20-39-year group. The value of this information is considered unique for planning and programming of future control activities.
在世界卫生组织旨在评估卡介苗对麻风病可能的预防作用的一项试验过程中，1964年至1976年在缅甸一个麻风病高度流行地区对全体居民开展了一项纵向流行病学研究。对全体居民进行了两次大规模调查，间隔为4年，并对卡介苗试验中的28000名儿童（0至14岁）进行了年度复查。收集到的数据提供了有关该疾病的总体患病率和年发病率以及病例的性别、年龄和分类的重要信息。总体患病率从第一次调查时的每1000人32.6例降至第二次调查时的每1000人25.2例。男性病例数明显高于女性。已知病例的接触者中的发病率为每1000人年9.8例。非接触者中的估计年发病率为每1000人5.9例。患病率在20至39岁年龄组达到峰值。多菌型患者的患病率在同一年龄组也达到峰值。需要强调的是，为了正确估计20至39岁年龄组中预期的新感染人数，特别是多菌型病例数，进一步的流行病学监测期至关重要。该信息的价值被认为对于未来控制活动的规划和方案制定具有独特性。
