Mannik M
J Invest Dermatol. 1980 May;74(5):333-8. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12543582.
The biological properties of immune complexes depend on the nature of antigens and antibodies comprising these complexes. The lattice of immune complexes influences their tissue deposition, complement activation, and interaction with Fc receptors. The lattice of immune complexes depends on the valence of antigens, the antigen-antibody ratio, the association constant of these reactants and the concentration of antigen and antibody. Kupffer cells effectively remove large-latticed immune complexes from the circulation due to their Fc receptors. This system is saturable, leading to prolonged circulation of the complexes and enhanced deposition in tissues. Small-latticed immune complexes are slowly removed from the circulation by yet unidentified mechanisms. The renal glomerulus serves as an example of immune complex deposition from the circulation. Only large-latticed complexes are deposited in the glomerular capillary wall in the subendothelial area and the mesangial matrix. An influx of bone marrow-derived monocytes participates in the disposal of immune complexes deposited in these areas of the glomerulus, the resident mesangial cells do not phagocytize these substances. The subepithelial deposits of immune complexes appear to be locally formed and not deposited from the circulation.
免疫复合物的生物学特性取决于构成这些复合物的抗原和抗体的性质。免疫复合物的晶格影响其组织沉积、补体激活以及与Fc受体的相互作用。免疫复合物的晶格取决于抗原的价态、抗原与抗体的比例、这些反应物的结合常数以及抗原和抗体的浓度。由于枯否细胞具有Fc受体，它们能有效地从循环中清除大晶格的免疫复合物。该系统是可饱和的，导致复合物在循环中持续存在并增加在组织中的沉积。小晶格的免疫复合物通过尚未明确的机制从循环中缓慢清除。肾小球是循环中免疫复合物沉积的一个例子。只有大晶格的复合物沉积在肾小球毛细血管壁的内皮下区域和系膜基质中。骨髓来源的单核细胞流入参与清除沉积在肾小球这些区域的免疫复合物，而驻留的系膜细胞不吞噬这些物质。免疫复合物的上皮下沉积物似乎是局部形成的，而非从循环中沉积而来。
