Berlin F S, Meinecke C F
Am J Psychiatry. 1981 May;138(5):601-7. doi: 10.1176/ajp.138.5.601.
Sexual deviation disorders, or paraphilias, are diagnosable psychiatric syndromes manifested by 1) recurrent fantasies about deviant sex, 2) intense associated cravings, and 3) stereotypic behavioral responses. Pedophiles seek out children in response to their erotic thoughts and urges, whereas exhibitionists expose themselves. Paraphiliac syndromes ordinarily follow a chronic course and may be associated with biological pathology, but etiological factors are poorly understood. Treatment becomes a consideration when the well-being or rights of others are compromised. Proposed treatments have included psychotherapy, behavior therapy, surgery, and medication. Medroxyprogesterone acetate, which reduces testosterone, may diminish sexual preoccupation and urges, making self-control easier.
性偏离障碍，或称为性偏好障碍，是可诊断的精神综合征，其表现为：1）反复出现关于异常性行为的幻想；2）强烈的相关欲望；3）刻板的行为反应。恋童癖者会因性欲念和冲动而寻找儿童，而露阴癖者则会暴露自己的身体。性偏好障碍综合征通常呈慢性病程，可能与生物病理学有关，但病因因素尚不清楚。当他人的福祉或权利受到损害时，就会考虑进行治疗。建议的治疗方法包括心理治疗、行为治疗、手术和药物治疗。醋酸甲羟孕酮可降低睾酮水平，可能会减少性关注和欲望，使自我控制更容易。
