Kramer S J, Spadaro J A, Webster D A
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1981 Nov-Dec(161):154-62.
The problems incurred by storage of demineralized bone allograft material and its potential use in contaminated operative sites make an antibacterial property desirable. Silver was considered for this role because of its wide spectrum of antibacterial susceptibility, low incidence of resistance, and its ability to persistently inhibit bacteria after binding to collagen matrices. Demineralized bone matrix prepared from rat diaphyseal bone segments was treated by exposure fo AgCl, AgNO3 and NaNO3 solutions prior to lyophilization. The resulting material was tested for bacterial inhibition after incubation in saline solutions for various times and showed inhibition persisting for at least four weeks (Ag-treated material only). Silver treating the matrix was found to partially inhibit the osteoinductive capacity at 10(-3) and 10(-2) M but not at 10(-5) M as measured by intramuscular implantation in the rat for six weeks. Control and NaNo3-treated specimens showed normal bone growth as measured by ashing and by 99mTc binding, and confirmed by radiologic densities. Histologic sections showed dense microdeposits on dense material predominately near the decalcified bone surfaces, but also within the matrix. The results suggest that pretreatment with silver at concentrations in the 10(-4) range would render the implant material antibacterial, protect its sterility, and leave the osteoinductive capacity intact.
脱矿骨同种异体移植材料储存过程中出现的问题及其在污染手术部位的潜在应用使得抗菌性能成为理想之选。银因其广泛的抗菌敏感性、低耐药发生率以及与胶原基质结合后持续抑制细菌的能力而被考虑用于此角色。在冻干之前，将从大鼠骨干骨段制备的脱矿骨基质用AgCl、AgNO3和NaNO3溶液处理。将所得材料在盐溶液中孵育不同时间后测试其抑菌性能，结果显示抑菌作用至少持续四周（仅银处理的材料）。通过大鼠肌肉内植入六周测定发现，用10(-3)和10(-2) M的银处理基质会部分抑制骨诱导能力，但10(-5) M时则不会。通过灰化和99mTc结合测定，对照和NaNo3处理的标本显示正常的骨生长，并通过放射密度得到证实。组织学切片显示致密材料上有密集的微沉积物，主要在脱钙骨表面附近，但也在基质内。结果表明，用10(-4)范围内浓度的银预处理将使植入材料具有抗菌性，保护其无菌性，并保持骨诱导能力完整。
