Lackner J R, Graybiel A
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1984 Jun;55(6):513-20.
During parabolic flight maneuvers in a Boeing KC-135 aircraft 44 college students were tested for motion sickness susceptibility. These subjects were categorized as 1) insusceptible, 2) moderately susceptible, or 3) highly susceptible to motion sickness during exposure to varying gravitoinertial force levels. After categorization, they were tested in the microgravity phase of parabolic flight to see how three types of head movements affected their baseline susceptibility. The head movements evaluated included side-to-side swivel, shoulder-to-shoulder roll, and front-up head and trunk movements; each type of head movement was used on a separate test day for eyes-open and eyes-covered conditions. Ten cycles of head movements were made in each parabola until a motion sickness endpoint, nausea, was reached or 40 parabolas had been completed. All types of head movements significantly increased susceptibility for subjects in all categories; eyes-open conditions were always more stressful than eyes-closed for each kind of head movement. These findings show unequivocally that natural head movements in microgravity can elicit symptoms of motion sickness. They suggest that head movements play an important etiological role in space motion sickness. In ground based studies where head movements are necessary to elicit symptoms, they are also necessary to elicit adaptation. We describe the use of paced and incremented head movement schedules as a possible way of partially alleviating space motion sickness.
在波音KC - 135飞机上进行抛物线飞行机动期间，对44名大学生进行了晕动病易感性测试。这些受试者被分为1）不易感、2）中度易感或3）在暴露于不同重力惯性力水平时对晕动病高度易感。分类后，他们在抛物线飞行的微重力阶段接受测试，以观察三种头部运动如何影响他们的基线易感性。评估的头部运动包括左右转动、肩对肩滚动以及头部和躯干向前向上运动；每种头部运动在单独的测试日用于睁眼和闭眼条件。每个抛物线中进行十组头部运动循环，直到达到晕动病终点（恶心）或完成40个抛物线。所有类型的头部运动均显著增加了所有类别受试者的易感性；对于每种头部运动，睁眼条件始终比闭眼更具压力。这些发现明确表明，微重力环境下的自然头部运动可引发晕动病症状。它们表明头部运动在太空晕动病中起着重要的病因学作用。在地面研究中，头部运动对于引发症状是必要的，对于引发适应性也是必要的。我们描述了使用有节奏和递增的头部运动方案作为部分缓解太空晕动病的一种可能方法。
