Kleber H D, Kosten T R
J Clin Psychiatry. 1984 Sep;45(9 Pt 2):29-38.
Attempts ot improve naltrexone retention during the induction and stabilization phases of treatment are described. During induction, street addicts appear to do better than postmethadone patients and to benefit more from counseling. Inpatient withdrawal and induction appear to be more successful than outpatient, but use of new techniques such as clonidine and clonidine/naltrexone may improve results in outpatients. Prolonged withdrawal symptoms and drug craving appear to contribute to the high dropout rate during stabilization. Pharmacologic and psychological methods of treatment, and future research strategies for these first two parts of naltrexone treatment, are summarized.
本文描述了在治疗的诱导期和稳定期提高纳曲酮维持治疗率的尝试。在诱导期，街头成瘾者似乎比美沙酮治疗后的患者表现更好，且从咨询中获益更多。住院戒毒和诱导似乎比门诊治疗更成功，但使用可乐定和可乐定/纳曲酮等新技术可能会改善门诊治疗的效果。长期的戒断症状和药物渴望似乎导致了稳定期的高脱落率。本文总结了治疗的药理学和心理学方法，以及纳曲酮治疗前两个阶段的未来研究策略。
