Greenfield L J
J Vasc Surg. 1984 May;1(3):502-4. doi: 10.1067/mva.1984.avs0010502.
Review of the indications for and results of Greenfield filter placement for protection against thromboembolism in 260 patients shows that the most common indication remains a contraindication to anticoagulation therapy (35%) or recurrent thromboembolism in spite of anticoagulation therapy (31%). Prophylaxis in the absence of embolism is a less common indication (18%), but increasingly favorable experience by others with the filter in place of anticoagulation therapy in the elderly may alter the approach to these patients. Although two patients with massive embolism who had undergone pulmonary embolectomy died postoperatively, no deaths occurred as a result of filter placement. Only one of the remaining 35 patients who died (14%) within 2 weeks of filter placement had suspected recurrent embolism. Follow-up studies in 99 patients extending to 100 months showed only two early and no late occlusions of the filter, for a long-term patency rate of 98%. The recurrent embolism rate of 5% is comparable to that of previously reported experience and appears to be independent of the use of long-term anticoagulation therapy.
对260例接受格林菲尔德滤器置入以预防血栓栓塞的患者的适应证及结果进行回顾显示，最常见的适应证仍然是抗凝治疗的禁忌证（35%）或尽管进行了抗凝治疗仍发生复发性血栓栓塞（31%）。在无栓塞情况下进行预防是较不常见的适应证（18%），但随着其他人在老年人中使用滤器替代抗凝治疗的经验越来越多，可能会改变对这些患者的治疗方法。尽管2例接受肺栓子切除术的大面积栓塞患者术后死亡，但滤器置入未导致死亡。在滤器置入后2周内死亡的其余35例患者中，只有1例（14%）怀疑有复发性栓塞。对99例患者长达100个月的随访研究显示，滤器仅出现2例早期堵塞，无晚期堵塞，长期通畅率为98%。5%的复发性栓塞率与先前报道的经验相当，且似乎与长期抗凝治疗的使用无关。
