Auperin D D, Romanowski V, Galinski M, Bishop D H
J Virol. 1984 Dec;52(3):897-904. doi: 10.1128/JVI.52.3.897-904.1984.
Analyses of the complete sequence of the 1.1 X 10(6)-dalton, small (S) RNA of the arenavirus Pichinde and virus-induced cellular RNA species have revealed that the viral nucleoprotein, N, is coded in a subgenomic, non-polyadenylated, virus-complementary mRNA corresponding to the 3' half of the viral RNA (Auperin et al., Virology 134:208-219, 1984). By contrast, a second S-coded product, presumably the viral glycoprotein precursor (GPC), is coded in a subgenomic, virus-sense mRNA corresponding to the 5' half of the RNA. Between the two genes is a unique RNA sequence that can be arranged in a hairpin configuration and may function as a transcription terminator for both genes. The term ambisense RNA is coined to describe this novel coding strategy of a viral RNA. The unique feature of the strategy is that the presumptive GPC mRNA and its translation product cannot be made until viral RNA replication has commenced. In addition, it allows the two subgenomic mRNA species to be regulated independently from each other or from other viral mRNA species. The implications of this strategy on possible mechanisms for the induction and maintenance of viral persistence, an important attribute of arenavirus infections, are discussed.
对沙粒病毒皮钦德1.1×10⁶道尔顿的小（S）RNA完整序列以及病毒诱导的细胞RNA种类的分析表明，病毒核蛋白N由一个亚基因组、非多聚腺苷酸化、与病毒RNA 3' 端一半对应的病毒互补mRNA编码（奥珀林等人，《病毒学》134:208 - 219，1984）。相比之下，第二个S编码产物，推测为病毒糖蛋白前体（GPC），由一个亚基因组、病毒正义mRNA编码，该mRNA对应于RNA的5' 端一半。两个基因之间是一个独特的RNA序列，它可以排列成发夹结构，可能作为两个基因的转录终止子。“双义RNA”这一术语被创造出来描述病毒RNA这种新的编码策略。该策略的独特之处在于，在病毒RNA复制开始之前，推测的GPC mRNA及其翻译产物无法产生。此外，它允许两个亚基因组mRNA种类相互独立或与其他病毒mRNA种类独立调节。本文讨论了这种策略对沙粒病毒感染的一个重要特征——病毒持续性诱导和维持的可能机制的影响。
