Cagen S Z, Malley L A, Parker C M, Gardiner T H, Van Gelder G A, Jud V A
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1984 Nov;76(2):270-9. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(84)90008-5.
Occupational exposures to pyrethroids have been associated with skin sensory effects characterized by transient itching/tingling sensations. This effect had not been detected in "Draize" skin irritation tests and exists in the absence of visible skin irritation. The objective of this investigation was to develop an animal model to study this phenomenon. Guinea pigs were treated with pyrethroid solutions on one side of their shaved back and control substances on the other side. The animals responded by licking, rubbing, scratching, or biting the test sites and activity was quantified by counting the number of times the animals responded to pyrethroid or control treated sites. Animals responded to pyrethroid more than to control substances and this behavioral activity was apparently maximum during the first hour and essentially over by the fourth hour after treatment. The sensory response did not directly correlate with overt visible signs of skin irritation. However, a chemical irritant (oil of mustard) was able to restimulate the behavioral activity when applied within 24 hr after pyrethroid application. Skin sensory stimulation produced by cyano-containing synthetic pyrethroids was significantly greater than that produced by a non-cyano-containing pyrethroid. This behavioral model provides a quantitative means to evaluate pyrethroid nonerythematous skin sensory stimulation.
职业性接触拟除虫菊酯与以短暂瘙痒/刺痛感为特征的皮肤感觉效应有关。这种效应在“德雷兹”皮肤刺激试验中未被检测到，且在无明显皮肤刺激的情况下存在。本研究的目的是建立一种动物模型来研究这一现象。豚鼠背部剃毛后的一侧用拟除虫菊酯溶液处理，另一侧用对照物质处理。动物通过舔、擦、抓或咬试验部位做出反应，并通过计算动物对拟除虫菊酯或对照处理部位做出反应的次数来量化活动。动物对拟除虫菊酯的反应比对对照物质的反应更多，且这种行为活动在处理后的第一小时内显然最大，在第四小时基本结束。感觉反应与明显可见的皮肤刺激迹象没有直接关联。然而，一种化学刺激物（芥子油）在拟除虫菊酯应用后24小时内应用时能够重新激发行为活动。含氰基的合成拟除虫菊酯产生的皮肤感觉刺激明显大于不含氰基的拟除虫菊酯产生的刺激。这种行为模型提供了一种评估拟除虫菊酯非红斑性皮肤感觉刺激的定量方法。
