Morgan T, Teow B H, Myers J
Drugs. 1984 Oct;28 Suppl 1:188-95. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198400281-00019.
Extra potassium intake has been found to be a determinant of blood pressure for epidemiological and experimental reasons. People with hypertension have a small fall in blood pressure with added potassium. Potassium chloride (48 mmol/day) was given to 36 male patients with high blood pressure; 5 did not comply with therapy. In the entire group of patients, potassium chloride had no significant effect on blood pressure, but prevented the rise in blood pressure and pulse rate produced by posture. In patients with a urinary Na+ excretion less than 75 mmol per 10 mmol creatinine, potassium chloride had no effect on supine blood pressure, but prevented the rise in blood pressure and pulse rate with standing. In those on a high sodium intake, potassium chloride lowered both the systolic and diastolic pressures. In sodium-responsive subjects, potassium chloride prevented the rise in blood pressure induced by sodium chloride but had no significant effect on blood pressure when on a low sodium intake. These results indicate that potassium reduces the rise in blood pressure caused by sodium chloride and reduces the increased sympathetic postural response seen in people on a low sodium intake.
基于流行病学和实验原因，额外的钾摄入已被发现是血压的一个决定因素。高血压患者补充钾后血压会有小幅下降。给36名男性高血压患者服用氯化钾（48毫摩尔/天）；5人未遵医嘱治疗。在整个患者组中，氯化钾对血压无显著影响，但可防止因姿势改变引起的血压和脉搏率升高。尿钠排泄量低于每10毫摩尔肌酐75毫摩尔的患者，氯化钾对仰卧位血压无影响，但可防止站立时血压和脉搏率升高。在高钠摄入者中，氯化钾可降低收缩压和舒张压。在对钠敏感的受试者中，氯化钾可防止氯化钠引起的血压升高，但在低钠摄入时对血压无显著影响。这些结果表明，钾可降低氯化钠引起的血压升高，并减少低钠摄入者出现的交感神经姿势反应增强。
