Reilly T, Robinson G, Minors D S
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1984 Oct;16(5):477-82. doi: 10.1249/00005768-198410000-00010.
Circadian rhythms in heart rate were examined at rest, immediately pre-exercise, during submaximal and maximal exercise on a cycle ergometer, and during recovery post-exercise (N = 10). Observations were made under controlled conditions at 0300, 0900, 1500, and 2100 hours. A significant circadian rhythm was found for resting heart rate lying supine and sitting pre-exercise (P less than 0.05), peak values being measured at 1500 hours. The acrophase in the oral temperature rhythm at 1739 hours was not significantly out of phase with that of resting heart rate (P greater than 0.05). The rhythm in heart rate persisted during submaximal exercise (150 W) and at the maximal rate (P less than 0.05); the amplitude of the rhythm was attenuated at maximum. Ratings of perceived exertion at submaximal and maximal exercise intensities, and time of day (P greater than 0.05). The increment of 0.2 degrees C in oral temperature during exercise did not exhibit circadian variation (P greater than 0.05). A significant rhythm was found for recovery heart rates in minutes 2, 3, 4, and 5 post-exercise (P less than 0.05). Observations of systolic and diastolic pressures pre- and post-exercise were inconclusive. Therefore, the circadian rhythm in heart rate responses to exercise should be considered when a heart rate variable is used as a criterion in fitness testing or as an index of physiological strain.
在静息状态、运动前即刻、在自行车测力计上进行次最大强度和最大强度运动期间以及运动后恢复期间（N = 10），对心率的昼夜节律进行了检查。在0300、0900、1500和2100时的受控条件下进行观察。发现静息心率（仰卧位和运动前坐位）存在显著的昼夜节律（P<0.05），峰值在1500时测得。口腔温度节律的相位峰在1739时与静息心率的相位峰相差不显著（P>0.05）。心率节律在次最大强度运动（150 W）和最大运动速率期间持续存在（P<0.05）；在最大运动时节律幅度减弱。次最大强度和最大强度运动强度下的主观用力感觉评分以及一天中的时间无显著差异（P>0.05）。运动期间口腔温度升高0.2℃未表现出昼夜变化（P>0.05）。发现运动后第2、3、4和5分钟的恢复心率存在显著节律（P<0.05）。运动前后收缩压和舒张压的观察结果尚无定论。因此，当心率变量用作体能测试的标准或生理应激指标时，应考虑心率对运动反应的昼夜节律。
