Alix D, Berthou F, Riche C, Castel Y
Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1984;7 Suppl 1:164-70.
Phenobarbital was used as first treatment in 198 subjects with different loading doses adjusted according to age, followed by a daily maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg. A loading dose was given per os to 136 infants in four groups and intravenously to 62 subjects in five groups (including 30 adults). We found that the intravenous route must be used for the rapid production of therapeutic plasma concentrations and accordingly we recommend it in intensive care. Posology of 20 mg/kg i.v. appears to be adequate in children up to 15 years old while a posology of 15 mg/kg seems to be too high in adults. The maximum probability of efficiency is delayed up to 12 h when phenobarbital is given per os. Various posologies were found to be adequate in infants except for premature newborns.
198名受试者采用苯巴比妥作为初始治疗，根据年龄调整不同的负荷剂量，随后每日维持剂量为5mg/kg。136名婴儿分为四组口服负荷剂量，62名受试者（包括30名成人）分为五组静脉注射负荷剂量。我们发现，必须采用静脉注射途径才能迅速产生治疗性血浆浓度，因此我们建议在重症监护中使用。静脉注射20mg/kg的剂量对于15岁以下儿童似乎足够，而15mg/kg的剂量对成人来说似乎过高。口服苯巴比妥时，最大有效概率延迟至12小时。除早产新生儿外，发现各种剂量对婴儿都是合适的。
