Terry P C, Howe B L
Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1984 Dec;9(4):188-93.
The study examined the coaching preferences of 80 male and 80 female athletes, as measured by the Leadership Scale for Sports (Chelladurai and Saleh, 1978, 1980). In addition, it attempted to assess the applicability to sport of the Life-cycle and Path-goal theories of leadership. Comparisons between groups were made on the basis of sex, age, and type of sport. A MANOVA indicated that athletes in independent sports preferred more democratic behaviour (p less than .001) and less autocratic behaviour (p = .028) than athletes in interdependent sports. No differences in coaching preferences were found which could be attributed to the age or sex of the athlete, or the variability of the sports task. These results partially supported the Path-goal theory, but did not support the Life-cycle theory. Athletes of all groups tended to favour coaches who displayed training behaviour and rewarding behaviour "often", democratic behaviour and social support behaviour "occasionally", and autocratic behaviour "seldom". This consistency may be a useful finding for those organizations and institutions interested in preparing coaches.
该研究通过体育领导能力量表（切拉杜里和萨利赫，1978年、1980年）对80名男运动员和80名女运动员的指导偏好进行了调查。此外，研究试图评估领导生命周期理论和路径目标理论在体育领域的适用性。基于性别、年龄和运动类型对不同组进行了比较。一项多变量方差分析表明，与团体运动项目的运动员相比，个人运动项目的运动员更喜欢民主行为（p小于0.001），而不太喜欢专制行为（p = 0.028）。未发现指导偏好方面的差异可归因于运动员的年龄、性别或运动任务的可变性。这些结果部分支持路径目标理论，但不支持生命周期理论。所有组别的运动员都倾向于选择那些“经常”表现出训练行为和奖励行为、“偶尔”表现出民主行为和社会支持行为、“很少”表现出专制行为的教练。这种一致性对于那些有志于培养教练的组织和机构而言，可能是一项有用的发现。
