Terry P C
Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1984 Dec;9(4):201-8.
The study investigated the coaching preferences of 95 male and 65 female elite athletes competing at Universiade '83 (Edmonton, Canada). Preferred coaching behaviour (PCB) was measured using a version of the Leadership Scale for Sports (Chelladurai and Saleh, 1978, 1980). Preference scores were analyzed on the basis of sex, age, nationality, and type of sport. A MANOVA indicated that males prefer significantly more Autocratic behaviour than females (p = .039). Also, athletes in team sports prefer significantly more Training behaviour (p = .001), Autocratic behaviour (p less than .001), and Rewarding behaviour (p = .017), and significantly less Democratic behaviour (p less than .001) and Social Support behaviour (p = .002) than athletes in individual sports. No significant differences in PCB attributable to the age or nationally of the athlete were found. In addition, data collected in a previous study (Terry and Howe, 1984), which examined the PCB of 'club' athletes, was included to facilitate a comparison of club v elite athletes. A MANOVA showed that elite athletes prefer significantly more Democratic behaviour (p = .01) and Social Support behaviour (p = .001), and significantly less Rewarding behaviour (p = .01) than athletes at a 'club' level. Although differences between subject groups were found, it can be concluded that athletes generally tend to favour coaches who "often" display Training behaviour and Rewarding behaviour, "occasionally" display Democratic behaviour and Social Support behaviour, and "seldom" display Autocratic behaviour.
该研究调查了参加1983年世界大学生运动会（加拿大埃德蒙顿）的95名男性和65名女性精英运动员的教练偏好。使用体育领导力量表的一个版本（切拉杜里和萨利赫，1978年，1980年）来测量首选教练行为（PCB）。根据性别、年龄、国籍和运动类型对偏好得分进行分析。多变量方差分析表明，男性比女性明显更喜欢专制行为（p = 0.039）。此外，团队运动的运动员比个人运动的运动员明显更喜欢训练行为（p = 0.001）、专制行为（p < 0.001）和奖励行为（p = 0.017），而明显不太喜欢民主行为（p < 0.001）和社会支持行为（p = 0.002）。未发现运动员的年龄或国籍对PCB有显著差异。此外，纳入了之前一项研究（特里和豪，1984年）收集的数据，该研究调查了“俱乐部”运动员的PCB，以便于比较俱乐部运动员和精英运动员。多变量方差分析表明，精英运动员比“俱乐部”级别的运动员明显更喜欢民主行为（p = 0.01）和社会支持行为（p = 0.001），而明显不太喜欢奖励行为（p = 0.01）。尽管发现了不同受试者组之间的差异，但可以得出结论，运动员通常倾向于喜欢那些“经常”表现出训练行为和奖励行为、“偶尔”表现出民主行为和社会支持行为、“很少”表现出专制行为的教练。
