Lally J R
Child Abuse Negl. 1984;8(2):243-54. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(84)90013-9.
The failure to address child neglect prevention efforts from a system viewpoint is presented as a major impediment to the generation of truly preventive interventions. Child neglect prevention is discussed at three levels: at the level of the individual, at the level of social systems and at the level of fundamental beliefs and cultural agreements. A process of component selection and placement is suggested with component selection based on components drawn from recent research and clinical work. Interventions would be geared to meet the particular needs of individual settings and at the same time be constructed so that each component would mesh with and build on previous components. An outline of a preventive child neglect intervention strategy is presented. Practices of government, the impact of business and technology and economic theory and practice are shown as plausible areas for preventive intervention. Core beliefs upon which social systems are built are challenged. It is stated that too narrow a view of child neglect often limits problem definition and encourages placement of blame at the family level. This decreases the effectiveness of the clinician who is coping with an individual problem as well as the researcher who is exploring the basic issues.
从系统视角出发预防儿童忽视的努力未能取得成效，这被视为真正的预防性干预措施难以产生的主要障碍。预防儿童忽视在三个层面展开讨论：个体层面、社会系统层面以及基本信念和文化共识层面。文章提出了一个组件选择与安排的过程，组件选择基于近期研究和临床工作中的要素。干预措施将针对各个具体环境的特殊需求进行调整，同时构建方式要确保每个组件都能与先前组件相互配合并在此基础上进一步完善。文中给出了一个预防儿童忽视干预策略的概要。政府行为、商业和技术的影响以及经济理论与实践被视为预防性干预的合理领域。构建社会系统的核心信念受到了挑战。文中指出，对儿童忽视的看法过于狭隘往往会限制问题的界定，并促使人们将责任归咎于家庭层面。这既降低了应对个体问题的临床医生的工作成效，也减少了探索基本问题的研究人员的工作成效。
