Adams M A, Hirst M
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1984 Jul;21(1):125-31. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(84)90141-2.
Adrenal and urinary levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline were determined in rats subjected to severe ethanol intoxication for periods of up to 96 hours, in rats undergoing withdrawal and in a post-withdrawal period, and in controls. Adrenaline and noradrenaline content of adrenal glands fell markedly to less than eight and twenty percent, respectively, after four days of intoxication. Noradrenaline content, but not adrenaline content, had recovered after a subsequent four day period of recovery. The depletion in adrenal catecholamine levels was coincident with increases in urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline levels over the first 48 hours of intoxication. Urinary catecholamine levels remained higher than control values for the next 48 hours of intoxication. Adrenal glands were larger after 12 hours of intoxication, although there was no increase in dry weight. At later times adrenal enlargement was associated with increased dry weight and protein content. This increase in mass was found to be of cortical origin. These results demonstrate that severe ethanol intoxication promotes an intense stimulation of the rat adrenal gland with enhanced synthesis and release of catecholamines, and cortical hypertrophy.
测定了重度乙醇中毒长达96小时的大鼠、戒断期大鼠、戒断后期大鼠以及对照组大鼠肾上腺和尿液中肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的水平。中毒4天后，肾上腺中肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的含量分别显著降至不到8%和20%。在随后4天的恢复期后，去甲肾上腺素含量恢复，但肾上腺素含量未恢复。在中毒的前48小时，肾上腺儿茶酚胺水平的降低与尿液中肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素水平的升高同时发生。在中毒的接下来48小时内，尿液儿茶酚胺水平仍高于对照值。中毒12小时后肾上腺增大，尽管干重没有增加。在后期，肾上腺增大与干重和蛋白质含量增加有关。发现这种质量增加起源于皮质。这些结果表明，重度乙醇中毒会强烈刺激大鼠肾上腺，使儿茶酚胺的合成和释放增加，并导致皮质肥大。
