Jaques L B, Mahadoo J, Riley J F
Lancet. 1977 Feb 19;1(8008):411-3. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92615-0.
Purified heparin extracted from tissues rich in mast cells remains the ideal rapid anticoagulant in clinical practice. Nevertheless, there are grounds for doubting that an injection of commercial heparin corresponds to the release of heparin-containing granules from the mast cells. The metachromatic granule contains much more than heparin--chondroitins, heparitins, histamine (in some species 5-hydroxytryptamine also), and a variety of enzymes. Shed granules, released by trauma of any kind, are ingested by connective-tissue phagocytes and are digested. Commercial heparin, on the other hand, is taken up by cells of the reticuloendothelial system and is stored there. This apparent paradox can be resolved by conceding that the mast cell is primarily concerned with the connective tissue, as Ehrlich saw it a century ago, and that, within these broad limits, it can express itself in a variety of ways.
从富含肥大细胞的组织中提取的纯化肝素仍是临床实践中理想的快速抗凝剂。然而，有理由怀疑注射商业肝素是否等同于肥大细胞释放含肝素颗粒。异染颗粒所含的物质远不止肝素——还有软骨素、类肝素、组胺（在某些物种中还含有5-羟色胺）以及多种酶。因任何形式的创伤而脱落的颗粒会被结缔组织吞噬细胞摄取并消化。另一方面，商业肝素会被网状内皮系统的细胞摄取并储存在那里。承认肥大细胞主要与结缔组织相关，正如一个世纪前埃利希所认为的那样，并且在这些宽泛的范围内，它可以以多种方式表现自身，那么这个明显的矛盾就可以得到解决。
