McWhirter W R, Siskind V
Br J Cancer. 1984 Apr;49(4):513-9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1984.79.
The true survival rates for the various forms of childhood cancer are best determined from a population-based study rather than from the results of clinical trials. Population-based survival rates have been calculated for four periods between 1956 and 1980 in Queensland. There was a significant improvement in survival for children who developed cancer after 1973 compared with those diagnosed before this date. There has however been no significant improvement in the survival rate for childhood cancer overall, or for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia since 1973. Over the 25 year period significant trends in survival rates were seen in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, Wilms' tumour, medulloblastoma, and retinoblastoma. No such trend was seen for acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, juvenile or anaplastic astrocytoma, brain stem glioma, histiocytosis X, or bone tumours. There is a need for continuing research into better methods of treatment of childhood cancer.
各种儿童癌症的真实生存率最好通过基于人群的研究来确定，而不是从临床试验结果中得出。昆士兰州在1956年至1980年期间的四个时间段计算了基于人群的生存率。与1973年之前诊断的儿童相比，1973年之后患癌症的儿童生存率有显著提高。然而，自1973年以来，儿童癌症总体生存率或急性淋巴细胞白血病生存率没有显著提高。在这25年期间，急性淋巴细胞白血病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、霍奇金病、肾母细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤和视网膜母细胞瘤的生存率出现了显著趋势。急性非淋巴细胞白血病、神经母细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、青少年或间变性星形细胞瘤、脑干胶质瘤、组织细胞增多症X或骨肿瘤则未出现此类趋势。需要继续研究更好的儿童癌症治疗方法。
