de Nully Brown P, Olsen J H, Hertz H, Carstensen B, Bautz A
Danish Cancer Society, Division for Cancer Epidemiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen.
Acta Paediatr. 1995 Mar;84(3):316-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13636.x.
Survival from cancer in childhood and adolescence was studied in a population-based series of 8312 cases in children aged 0-19 years notified to the Danish Cancer Registry during 1943-87. During the first period (1943-72), 5-year survival rates from all malignant neoplasms increased from 23% (1943-52) to 33% (1963-72). The greatest improvement was seen during the period 1973-87 when 5-year survival rates reached 64% (1983-87). Between 1973-77 and 1983-87, 5-year survival rates increased from 32% to 62% for leukaemia, from 40% to 70% for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, from 35% to 54% for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, from 50% to 66% for central nervous system neoplasms and from 25% to 49% for bone tumours. An improvement in 5-year survival rates from Wilms' tumour was seen between 1960 (19%) and 1980 (81%). Up to 1972, the 5-year survival rate from germ-cell neoplasms was approximately 40%; among patients diagnosed in 1983-87, 76% survived for 5-years. Annual lethality decreased by 2.5% for all malignant neoplasms in 1943-72 and by 4.4% in 1972-87. Lethality was similar for boys and girls during the period 1943-72, but was significantly lower for girls subsequently. A marked effect of age at diagnosis was seen in the early registration period, where lethality rate for the age group 0-9 years was substantially higher compared with that in the age group 10-19 years. This inequality persisted only for children less than 2 years of age at the time of diagnosis in the later period.
对丹麦癌症登记处1943年至1987年期间记录的8312例0至19岁儿童基于人群的系列研究，分析了儿童期和青少年期癌症患者的生存率。在第一个阶段（1943年至1972年），所有恶性肿瘤的5年生存率从23%（1943年至1952年）提高到33%（1963年至1972年）。最大的改善出现在1973年至1987年期间，此时5年生存率达到64%（1983年至1987年）。在1973年至1977年和1983年至1987年之间，白血病的5年生存率从32%提高到62%，急性淋巴细胞白血病从40%提高到70%，非霍奇金淋巴瘤从35%提高到54%，中枢神经系统肿瘤从50%提高到66%，骨肿瘤从25%提高到49%。威尔姆斯瘤的5年生存率在1960年（19%）至1980年（81%）有所提高。到1972年，生殖细胞肿瘤的5年生存率约为40%；在1983年至1987年诊断的患者中，76%存活了5年。1943年至1972年期间，所有恶性肿瘤的年死亡率下降了2.5%，1972年至1987年期间下降了4.4%。1943年至1972年期间，男孩和女孩的死亡率相似，但随后女孩的死亡率显著降低。在早期登记阶段，诊断时的年龄对死亡率有显著影响，0至9岁年龄组的死亡率明显高于10至19岁年龄组。在后期，这种不平等仅在诊断时年龄小于2岁的儿童中持续存在。
