Spiegel C A, Davick P, Totten P A, Chen K C, Eschenbach D A, Amsel R, Holmes K K
Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1983;40:41-6.
G. vaginalis was originally described as the etiologic agent of bacterial vaginosis (nonspecific vaginitis) because it was recovered only from women with signs and symptoms of "bacterial vaginitis" and not from normal controls. Recent data have shown that G. vaginalis is present in normal women but at concentrations lower than the limit of sensitivity of the media formerly used. Detection of low concentrations of G. vaginalis in normal controls has been made possible by development of a selective and differential medium (HBT). Anaerobically performed studies of the vaginal flora have indicated that while lactobacilli predominate in the normal vagina with or without G. vaginalis, anaerobic bacteria including Bacteroides spp., Peptococcus spp., Eubacterium spp. and curved rods as well as G. vaginalis predominate in bacterial vaginosis. Anaerobic bacteria and G. vaginalis are decreased after appropriate therapy. After treatment with metronidazole, lactobacilli again predominate. Lactobacilli are less prevalent after treatment with ampicillin or amoxicillin. These data suggest that as in infections at other mucous membrane sites, bacterial vaginosis is a mixed infection involving a finite number of facultative and anaerobic species. The data also suggest an important role for facultative lactobacilli.
阴道加德纳菌最初被描述为细菌性阴道病（非特异性阴道炎）的病原体，因为它仅从有“细菌性阴道炎”体征和症状的女性中分离出来，而未从正常对照者中分离出来。最近的数据表明，正常女性体内存在阴道加德纳菌，但浓度低于以前所用培养基的敏感限度。通过开发一种选择性和鉴别性培养基（HBT），已能够检测正常对照者体内低浓度的阴道加德纳菌。对阴道菌群进行的厌氧研究表明，无论有无阴道加德纳菌，乳酸杆菌在正常阴道中占主导地位，而在细菌性阴道病中，包括拟杆菌属、消化球菌属、优杆菌属和弯曲杆菌以及阴道加德纳菌在内的厌氧菌占主导地位。经过适当治疗后，厌氧菌和阴道加德纳菌数量减少。用甲硝唑治疗后，乳酸杆菌再次占主导地位。用氨苄西林或阿莫西林治疗后，乳酸杆菌的占比降低。这些数据表明，与其他粘膜部位的感染一样，细菌性阴道病是一种混合感染，涉及有限数量的兼性菌和厌氧菌。数据还表明兼性乳酸杆菌具有重要作用。
