Denson D D, Bridenbaugh P O, Turner P A, Phero J C
Anesth Analg. 1983 Nov;62(11):995-1001.
The effects of volume, osmolality, and baricity on lidocaine spinal anesthesia in the rhesus monkey were studied. Changes in neural blockade, physical properties of cerebrospinal fluid, and arterial pharmacokinetics associated with variations in injectate composition were assessed. Wide ranges of volume, baricity, and osmolality were studied using 1, 2, and 5% lidocaine prepared in either sterile water or 7.5% dextrose. Minimal changes in neural blockade were found in the ranges of osmolality and baricity studied, although 5% lidocaine in sterile water resulted in significantly shorter complete recovery times for both sensory and motor block when compared to other solutions. Samples of cerebrospinal fluid obtained after injection of lidocaine showed increases or decreases in specific gravity and osmolality depending on the physical properties of the solution injected. No differences in elimination phase pharmacokinetics were found with any of the lidocaine solutions. Rates of systemic absorption increased with decreasing osmolality. Osmotic potentiation of lidocaine spinal anesthesia could not be demonstrated.
研究了容量、渗透压和比重对恒河猴利多卡因脊髓麻醉的影响。评估了与注射剂成分变化相关的神经阻滞、脑脊液物理性质和动脉药代动力学的变化。使用在无菌水或7.5%葡萄糖中配制的1%、2%和5%利多卡因，研究了广泛的容量、比重和渗透压范围。在所研究的渗透压和比重范围内，神经阻滞的变化最小，尽管与其他溶液相比，无菌水中的5%利多卡因导致感觉和运动阻滞的完全恢复时间显著缩短。注射利多卡因后获得的脑脊液样本显示，根据注射溶液的物理性质，比重和渗透压会增加或降低。任何利多卡因溶液在消除相药代动力学方面均未发现差异。全身吸收速率随渗透压降低而增加。未证实利多卡因脊髓麻醉的渗透增强作用。
