Jiwa S F, Månsson I
Vet Microbiol. 1983 Oct;8(5):443-58. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(83)90039-1.
Eleven Salmonella strains known to produce enterotoxin under aerobic culture conditions in deferrated (DF) medium at 37 degrees C were shown to produce enterotoxin with and without aeration at 22, 28, 37 and 42 degrees C. Heat-labile enterotoxin was generally produced with growth temperatures up to 37 degrees C irrespective of aeration. Heat-stable enterotoxin was produced up to 42 degrees C, mainly aerobically, as indicated by infant mouse assay (IMA), by six of the eleven strains tested. Nine strains produced heat-stable rapid permeability factor (RPF) in rabbit skin. Cholera anti-toxin neutralized reactivities of Salmonella heat-labile enterotoxin in four different biological assays. Mixed gangliosides also neutralized this activity in the cell-test systems. With guinea-pig erythrocytes, all strains underwent mannose-resistant hemagglutination (MRHA) irrespective of growth temperatures, i.e. 22 and 37 degrees C or medium, i.e., DF, tryptose soy broth (TSB) and colonization factor antigen (CFA) agar. At both growth temperatures, CFA agar-grown cells of each strain caused MRHA of bovine erythrocytes. Excepting three Salmonella typhimurium strains, DF broth-grown cells gave MRHA of bovine, chicken and human group A erythrocytes, CFA agar-grown cells caused MRHA of chicken and human blood, whereas TSB-grown cells caused few MRHA reactions. Salmonellae producing both heat-stable, (ST) and heat-labile, (LT) enterotoxins adsorbed to Phenyl Sepharose whereas salmonellae that produced only LT enterotoxin did not. The presence of MRHA adhesions did not correlate with cell-surface hydrophobicity. However, mannose-resistant hemagglutinins may occur more commonly among salmonellae than has been previously recognized.
已知在37℃下于缺铁（DF）培养基中需氧培养时能产生肠毒素的11株沙门氏菌，在22℃、28℃、37℃和42℃下，无论通气与否均能产生肠毒素。不耐热肠毒素通常在高达37℃的生长温度下产生，与通气无关。通过幼鼠试验（IMA）表明，在所测试的11株菌株中，有6株在高达42℃时主要在需氧条件下产生耐热肠毒素。9株菌株在兔皮中产生耐热快速通透因子（RPF）。霍乱抗毒素在四种不同的生物学试验中中和了沙门氏菌不耐热肠毒素的反应性。混合神经节苷脂在细胞测试系统中也中和了这种活性。对于豚鼠红细胞，所有菌株无论生长温度（即22℃和37℃）或培养基（即DF、胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤（TSB）和定居因子抗原（CFA）琼脂）如何，均发生甘露糖抗性血凝（MRHA）。在这两个生长温度下，各菌株在CFA琼脂上生长的细胞均引起牛红细胞的MRHA。除三株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌外，在DF肉汤中生长的细胞引起牛、鸡和人A组红细胞的MRHA，在CFA琼脂上生长的细胞引起鸡和人血液的MRHA，而在TSB中生长的细胞引起的MRHA反应很少。产生耐热（ST）和不耐热（LT）两种肠毒素的沙门氏菌吸附到苯基琼脂糖上，而仅产生LT肠毒素的沙门氏菌则不吸附。MRHA黏附的存在与细胞表面疏水性无关。然而，甘露糖抗性血凝素在沙门氏菌中可能比以前认识到的更为常见。
