Serial studies of cardiac function in patients receiving adriamycin.

A total of 283 adult and pediatric patients treated with drug combinations which include adriamycin (ADM) had at least one cardiac evaluation; 103 patients had two or more serial studies after a baseline evaluation. Changes in systolic time intervals, echocardiographically determined ejection fractions, and electrocardiographic voltage correlated with increasing cumulative ADM dosage. However, the incidence of congestive heart failure among these patients was less than 2%. It is estimated that 22%-31% of these patients would not have completed a cumulative dose of greater than 450 mg/m2 of ADM if the drug had been discontinued on the basis of these tests, using previously published criteria for cessation of treatment. Thus far, however, no adverse effects have been observed from the completion of planned courses of therapy. The clinical significance of serial changes in noninvasive tests is therefore uncertain. While such changes may reflect subclinical anthracycline cardiotoxicity and clinical cardiotoxicity can reliably be diagnosed, the utility of routine, serial noninvasie testing in planning conventional-dose anthracycline therapy is questionable.