Houston M E, Froese E A, Valeriote S P, Green H J, Ranney D A
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1983;51(1):25-35. doi: 10.1007/BF00952534.
To investigate biochemical, histochemical and contractile properties associated with strength training and detraining, six adult males were studied during and after 10 weeks of dynamic strength training for the quadriceps muscle group of one leg, as well as during and after a subsequent 12 weeks of detraining. Peak torque outputs at the velocities tested (0-270 degrees X s-1) were increased (p less than 0.05) by 39-60% and 12-37% after training for the trained and untrained legs, respectively. No significant changes in peak torques were observed in six control subjects tested at the same times. Significant decreases in strength performance of the trained leg (16-21%) and untrained leg (10-15%) were observed only after 12 weeks of detraining. Training resulted in an increase (p less than 0.05) in the area of FTa (21%) and FTb (18%) fibres, while detraining was associated with a 12% decrease in FTb fibre cross-sectional area. However, fibre area changes were only noted in the trained leg. Neither training nor detaining had any significant effect on the specific activity of magnesium-activated myofibrillar ATPase or on the activities of enzymes of phosphagen, glycolytic or oxidative metabolism in serial muscle biopsy samples from both legs. In the absence of any changes in muscle enzyme activities and with only modest changes in FT fibre areas in the trained leg, the significant alterations in peak torque outputs with both legs suggest that neural adaptations play a prominent role in strength performance with training and detraining.
为了研究与力量训练及停训相关的生化、组织化学和收缩特性，对6名成年男性进行了研究。在对一条腿的股四头肌进行为期10周的动态力量训练期间及之后，以及在随后12周的停训期间及之后进行观察。在测试速度（0 - 270度×秒⁻¹）下，训练后，训练腿和未训练腿的峰值扭矩输出分别增加了39% - 60%和12% - 37%（p < 0.05）。在同一时间测试的6名对照受试者中，未观察到峰值扭矩有显著变化。仅在停训12周后，观察到训练腿（16% - 21%）和未训练腿（10% - 15%）的力量表现显著下降。训练导致快收缩a型（FTa）纤维面积增加（21%）和快收缩b型（FTb）纤维面积增加（%），而停训与FTb纤维横截面积减少12%有关。然而，纤维面积变化仅在训练腿中被注意到。训练和停训对双腿连续肌肉活检样本中镁激活肌原纤维ATP酶的比活性或磷酸原、糖酵解或氧化代谢酶的活性均无显著影响。在肌肉酶活性没有任何变化且训练腿中FT纤维面积仅有适度变化的情况下，双腿峰值扭矩输出的显著改变表明，神经适应在训练和停训的力量表现中起主要作用。
