Horwitz M A
Cell. 1984 Jan;36(1):27-33. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90070-9.
Phagocytosis of Legionella pneumophila, a bacterial pathogen that multiplies intracellularly in human mononuclear phagocytes and causes Legionnaires' disease, occurs by a novel mechanism. A phagocyte pseudopod coils around the bacterium as the organism is internalized. Human monocytes, alveolar macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes all phagocytize L. pneumophila by this unusual process, termed "coiling phagocytosis," and these leukocytes phagocytize not only live L. pneumophila in this way, but also formalin-killed, glutaraldehyde-killed, and heat-killed L. pneumophila. In contrast, under the same experimental conditions, monocytes phagocytize Streptococcus pneumoniae, encapsulated and unencapsulated E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Neisseria meningitidis by conventional phagocytosis. Treatment of L. pneumophila with high-titer anti-L. pneumophila antibody abolishes coiling phagocytosis; such bacteria are internalized by conventional phagocytosis. These experiments raise the possibility that a surface component of L. pneumophila mediates the unusual response by the phagocyte. Such a component, if elaborated in vivo, might be responsible for extrapulmonary manifestations of Legionnaires' disease suspected of being toxin-mediated.
嗜肺军团菌是一种在人类单核吞噬细胞内繁殖并导致军团病的细菌病原体，其吞噬作用通过一种新机制发生。当该生物体被内化时，吞噬细胞伪足会围绕细菌盘绕。人类单核细胞、肺泡巨噬细胞和多形核白细胞都通过这种不同寻常的过程吞噬嗜肺军团菌，此过程被称为“盘绕吞噬作用”，并且这些白细胞不仅以这种方式吞噬活的嗜肺军团菌，还吞噬经福尔马林灭活、戊二醛灭活和热灭活的嗜肺军团菌。相比之下，在相同实验条件下，单核细胞通过传统吞噬作用吞噬肺炎链球菌、有荚膜和无荚膜的大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、产碱假单胞菌、淋病奈瑟菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌。用高滴度抗嗜肺军团菌抗体处理嗜肺军团菌可消除盘绕吞噬作用；此类细菌通过传统吞噬作用被内化。这些实验增加了一种可能性，即嗜肺军团菌的一种表面成分介导了吞噬细胞的这种异常反应。如果这种成分在体内产生，可能是怀疑由毒素介导的军团病肺外表现的原因。
