Fife D, Barancik J I, Chatterjee B F
Am J Public Health. 1984 May;74(5):473-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.74.5.473.
Using a 1977 sample of emergency department visits in five northeastern Ohio counties, population-based injury rates are tabulated by age, sex, and cause. Case fatality ratios are estimated by comparing these injury rates with population-based mortality rates for 1976-1978. For all age and sex groups, injuries are a major cause of emergency department visits. Falls, striking, cuts, and motor vehicle crashes are the leading causes of injury. Case fatality ratios for motor vehicle crash injuries are considerably higher than those for non-transport injuries. Injury rates and case fatality ratios for males exceed those for females except among the elderly. With increasing age, injury rates decline but the fraction of injuries leading to hospital admission or to fatality rises sharply.
利用1977年俄亥俄州东北部五个县急诊科就诊情况的样本，按年龄、性别和病因列出了基于人群的伤害发生率。通过将这些伤害发生率与1976 - 1978年基于人群的死亡率进行比较，估算出病死率。对于所有年龄和性别组，伤害都是急诊科就诊的主要原因。跌倒、撞击、切割伤和机动车碰撞是伤害的主要原因。机动车碰撞伤害的病死率远高于非交通伤害的病死率。除老年人外，男性的伤害发生率和病死率高于女性。随着年龄的增长，伤害发生率下降，但导致住院或死亡的伤害比例急剧上升。
