Barancik J I, Chatterjee B F, Greene-Cradden Y C, Michenzi E M, Kramer C F, Thode H C, Fife D
Am J Epidemiol. 1986 May;123(5):846-61. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114314.
Hospital emergency department visits for motor vehicle trauma occurring in a midwestern metropolitan region (Cleveland and Lorain-Elyria, Ohio Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas; 2.2 million population) were analyzed to determine the incidence and outcome by age, sex, and road-use category. A 50% incidence sample (n = 20,752) of motor vehicle trauma events to residents of this region was identified from the emergency department records of 41 participating hospitals for a one-year period, 1977. These hospitals accounted for 98% of all emergency department cases in the region. The annual motor vehicle trauma incidence rate per 100,000 population was 1,871. The highest annual incidence rate (4,462) was for ages 20-24; the lowest rates were for infants under one year (837) and for the elderly over 74 years (667). Incidence rate rank-ordered road-use categories were as follows: passenger car occupant, motorized cycle rider, other enclosed vehicle occupant, pedestrian, and pedal cyclist. Above age 4, age-specific male incidence rates significantly exceeded female incidence rates for most road-use categories. There were 80 admissions and 7 fatalities per 1,000 motor vehicle trauma incidence cases. Case-admission ratios were highest for pedestrians (266), riders of motorized cycles (184), and pedal cyclists (115); they were lowest for occupants of partially or fully enclosed vehicles (65). Case-fatality ratios per 1,000 cases were also highest for pedestrians (43) and riders of motorized cycles (11). Male case-fatality ratios exceeded female ratios for each road-use category in nearly all age groups, and male case-admission ratios exceeded those for females ages 10-54. For ages 75 and over, the admission ratios and fatality ratios were nearly twice as high as in any other age group.
对中西部一个大都市地区（俄亥俄州克利夫兰市和洛雷恩 - 伊利里亚市标准大都市统计区；人口220万）因机动车创伤而前往医院急诊科就诊的情况进行了分析，以确定按年龄、性别和道路使用类别划分的发病率及转归情况。从41家参与研究的医院1977年为期一年的急诊科记录中，确定了该地区居民机动车创伤事件的50%发病率样本（n = 20,752）。这些医院占该地区所有急诊科病例的98%。每10万人口的机动车创伤年发病率为1871。20 - 24岁年龄组的年发病率最高（4462）；一岁以下婴儿（837）和74岁以上老年人（667）的发病率最低。发病率按道路使用类别排序如下：乘用车乘客、摩托车骑手、其他封闭车辆乘客、行人、骑自行车者。4岁以上，在大多数道路使用类别中，特定年龄男性的发病率显著超过女性发病率。每1000例机动车创伤发病病例中有80例住院和7例死亡。病例住院率在行人（266）、摩托车骑手（184）和骑自行车者（115）中最高；在部分或完全封闭车辆的乘客中最低（65）。每1000例病例的病死率在行人（43）和摩托车骑手（11）中也最高。在几乎所有年龄组中，每个道路使用类别的男性病死率均超过女性，10 - 54岁女性的病例住院率超过男性。75岁及以上年龄组的住院率和病死率几乎是其他任何年龄组的两倍。
