Grond E
Z Gerontol. 1984 Mar-Apr;17(2):93-7.
20 confused elderly in nursing homes (average age 82), who were socially isolated and dependent of nursing care resulting from dementia and institutional factors, were visited by students of social work and student nurses of the elderly. The voluntary visitors were trained in client-centered therapy, reality orientation, non-verbal communication, sensory training, reinforcing daily functions and occupational therapy. The experiences with verbal and non-verbal communication (visual and hearing contact and touching) and with difficulties with the confused elderly, with feelings and the environmental factors are described. The visiting results in better understanding of the confused elderly and in increasing of supporting relationship. Confusion was ameliorated only in some confused elderly. Recommendations are given for voluntary visitors.
20名养老院中患有痴呆症且因机构因素导致社交孤立并依赖护理的困惑老人（平均年龄82岁），接受了社会工作专业学生和老年护理专业学生的探访。这些志愿探访者接受了以客户为中心的治疗、现实导向、非语言沟通、感官训练、强化日常功能和职业治疗方面的培训。文中描述了他们在与困惑老人进行言语和非语言沟通（视觉和听觉接触以及触摸）时的经历，以及遇到的困难、感受和环境因素。探访的结果是对困惑老人有了更好的理解，并增进了支持关系。只有部分困惑老人的困惑状况有所改善。文中还为志愿探访者提供了建议。
