Nestel P J, Connor W E, Reardon M F, Connor S, Wong S, Boston R
J Clin Invest. 1984 Jul;74(1):82-9. doi: 10.1172/JCI111422.
The highly polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oils lower the plasma triglyceride concentration. We have studied the effect of a diet rich in fish oil on the rate of production of the triglyceride-transporting very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Seven subjects, five normal and two with hypertriglyceridemia received up to 30% of daily energy needs from a fish oil preparation that was rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids with five and six double bonds, respectively. Compared with a diet similarly enriched with safflower oil (in which the predominant fatty acid is the omega-6 linoleic acid, with two double bonds), the fish oil diet lowered VLDL lipids and B apoprotein concentrations profoundly. High density lipoprotein lipids and A1 apoprotein were also lowered, but the effect on low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration was inconsistent. The daily production or flux of VLDL apoprotein B, calculated from reinjected autologous 125I-labeled lipoprotein, was substantially less in six subjects studied after 3 wk of fish oil, compared with after safflower oil. This effect on flux was more consistent than that on the irreversible fractional removal rate, which was increased in the four normolipidemic but inconsistent in the hypertriglyceridemic subjects. This suggests that fish oil reduced primarily the production of VLDL. The daily production of VLDL triglyceride, calculated from the kinetics of the triglyceride specific radioactivity-time curves after [3H]glycerol was injected, also showed very substantial reductions in five subjects studied. The marked suppression in VLDL apoprotein B and VLDL triglyceride formation was found not to be due to diminished plasma total free fatty acid or plasma eicosapentaenoic flux, calculated during constant infusions of [14C]eicosapentaenoic acid and [3H]oleic acid in four subjects. In two subjects there was presumptive evidence for substantial independent influx of LDL during the fish oil diet, based on the precursor-product relationship between the intermediate density lipoprotein and LDL apoprotein B specific radioactivity-time curves.
鱼油中的高度多不饱和脂肪酸可降低血浆甘油三酯浓度。我们研究了富含鱼油的饮食对甘油三酯转运极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）产生速率的影响。七名受试者，五名正常人和两名高甘油三酯血症患者，从富含二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸（分别为含有五个和六个双键的ω-3脂肪酸）的鱼油制剂中获取高达每日能量需求的30%。与同样富含红花油（其中主要脂肪酸为含有两个双键的ω-6亚油酸）的饮食相比，鱼油饮食可显著降低VLDL脂质和B载脂蛋白浓度。高密度脂蛋白脂质和A1载脂蛋白也有所降低，但对低密度脂蛋白（LDL）浓度的影响并不一致。根据重新注入的自体125I标记脂蛋白计算，在服用鱼油3周后研究的六名受试者中，VLDL载脂蛋白B的每日产生量或通量与服用红花油后相比大幅减少。这种对通量的影响比不可逆分数清除率更一致，后者在四名血脂正常的受试者中增加，但在高甘油三酯血症受试者中不一致。这表明鱼油主要降低了VLDL的产生。根据注入[3H]甘油后甘油三酯比放射性-时间曲线的动力学计算，VLDL甘油三酯的每日产生量在研究的五名受试者中也显示出非常显著的减少。在四名受试者中持续输注[14C]二十碳五烯酸和[3H]油酸期间计算得出，VLDL载脂蛋白B和VLDL甘油三酯形成的显著抑制并非由于血浆总游离脂肪酸或血浆二十碳五烯酸通量减少所致。在两名受试者中，基于中密度脂蛋白与LDL载脂蛋白B比放射性-时间曲线之间的前体-产物关系，有推测性证据表明在鱼油饮食期间LDL有大量独立的流入。
