Penick E C, Powell B J, Read M R
J Clin Psychol. 1984 Jan;40(1):359-63. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198401)40:1<359::aid-jclp2270400167>3.0.co;2-d.
Male alcoholic veterans were sex-typed more frequently as feminine than masculine on the PRF ANDRO when compared to college males or older, nonalcoholic veterans (N = 123). Endorsement of passive-feminine characteristics among alcoholics (1) is interpreted to be a consequence, not a cause of the disorder; (2) is considered reversible with the achievement of sustained sobriety; and (3) is a feature that possibly needs to be addressed directly in order to facilitate successful therapeutic interventions.
与大学男性或年龄较大的非酗酒退伍军人相比（N = 123），在个人特征问卷（PRF）男性量表上，男性酗酒退伍军人被归为女性类型的频率高于男性类型。酗酒者对被动女性特征的认同：（1）被解释为该疾病的结果而非病因；（2）被认为随着持续戒酒可以逆转；（3）是一个可能需要直接解决的特征，以便促进成功的治疗干预。
