Diamond E L, Schneiderman N, Schwartz D, Smith J C, Vorp R, Pasin R D
J Behav Med. 1984 Jun;7(2):171-89. doi: 10.1007/BF00845385.
Anger/hostility and Type A behavior have been implicated in elevated cardiovascular reactivity and disease. In the present experiment systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were monitored during conditions of competition alone or in conjunction with goal blocking or harassment. Cardiovascular reactivity was examined as a function of conditions, Type A or B pattern, and various measures of anger/hostility. Harassment elicited significantly elevated SBP and HR changes relative to goal-blocking and control conditions. Type As reliably exceeded Type Bs in magnitude of SBP change during the harassment condition only. However, exploratory analyses correlating anger/hostility measures and cardiovascular reactivity indicated that only subjects scoring high on the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory showed significantly elevated SBP reactivity as a function of Type A behavior pattern, rated hostility during the A-B interview, or outward expression of anger assessed by the Framingham Anger-In vs Anger-Out Scale.
愤怒/敌意和A型行为模式与心血管反应性增强及疾病有关。在本实验中,单独竞争或与目标受阻或骚扰相结合的情况下,监测收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和心率(HR)。心血管反应性作为条件、A型或B型模式以及各种愤怒/敌意测量指标的函数进行检验。与目标受阻和对照条件相比,骚扰引发的SBP和HR变化显著升高。仅在骚扰条件下,A型个体的SBP变化幅度确实超过了B型个体。然而,将愤怒/敌意测量指标与心血管反应性进行相关分析的探索性分析表明,只有在巴斯-杜克敌意量表上得分高的受试者,其SBP反应性才会因A型行为模式、A-B访谈中评定的敌意或通过弗雷明汉愤怒内向与愤怒外向量表评估的愤怒外在表达而显著升高。