Williams Smith H
J Hyg (Lond). 1980 Jun;84(3):467-77. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400027005.
Surveys conducted since 1956 on the antibiotic resistance of the Escherichia coli in faecal specimens from pigs entering Chelmsford Market have revealed that despite the implementation of the Swann Report in 1971 pigs are still an enormous reservoir of tetracycline-resistant E. coli with conjugative ability. Increasingly large amounts of E. coli resistant to streptomycin and sulphonamides were found in specimens examined in recent years until in 1979 the amounts present approached those of tetracycline-resistant organisms. E. coli resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, neomycin, furazolidone or spectinomycin were present, usually in low concentration, in a considerable proportion of the specimens at each yearly examination but the concentration and incidence of these organisms showed no obvious sign of increasing with time. Much of this resistance, except to furazolidone, was of the transferable type. Until 1979 the incidence of faecal specimens containing trimethoprim-resistant E. coli was very low. It increased significantly in that year, most of the resistance being plasmid-, or possibly transposon-determined. The results of surveys performed in a Cambridgeshire market in 1978 and 1979, which showed that a high proportion of faecal specimens contained low concentrations of trimethoprim-resistant E. coli, in general resembled those of the corresponding Chelmsford surveys, suggesting that all the Chelmsford surveys may have accurately reflected the position in the national pig herd.
自1956年以来，对进入切姆斯福德市场的猪粪便样本中大肠杆菌的抗生素耐药性进行的调查显示，尽管1971年实施了斯旺报告，但猪仍然是具有接合能力的耐四环素大肠杆菌的巨大储存库。近年来，在检测的样本中发现对链霉素和磺胺类药物耐药的大肠杆菌数量越来越多，直到1979年，其数量接近耐四环素微生物的数量。在每年的每次检测中，相当一部分样本中都存在对氯霉素、氨苄青霉素、新霉素、呋喃唑酮或壮观霉素耐药的大肠杆菌，通常浓度较低，但这些微生物的浓度和发生率没有明显的随时间增加的迹象。除对呋喃唑酮外，这种耐药性大多是可转移类型。直到1979年，含有耐甲氧苄啶大肠杆菌的粪便样本发生率一直很低。当年其显著增加，大部分耐药性由质粒或可能由转座子决定。1978年和1979年在剑桥郡一个市场进行的调查结果显示，高比例的粪便样本含有低浓度的耐甲氧苄啶大肠杆菌，总体上与切姆斯福德相应调查的结果相似，这表明切姆斯福德的所有调查可能都准确反映了全国猪群的情况。
