Narins R G, Emmett M
Medicine (Baltimore). 1980 May;59(3):161-87. doi: 10.1097/00005792-198005000-00001.
Metabolic and respiratory acid-base disorders occur as single and mixed entities. When induced perturbations in PCO2, HCO3(-), pH, and serum electrolytes are interpreted in the light of sound physiologic principles, even the most complicated mixed disorders may be easily diagnosed. The pathophysiology underlying the simple disturbances is defined and used as a framework for discussion of the mixed metabolic, respiratory acid-base derangements. Formulae are presented which allow one to predict what the appropriate degree of metabolic compensation should be for any primary respiratory disorder, or what the PCO2 should be for any given degree of primary metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. The various clinical settings in which mixed acid-base disorders occur most commonly are discussed.
代谢性和呼吸性酸碱紊乱可单独或混合出现。当根据合理的生理学原理来解释PCO2、HCO3(-)、pH和血清电解质的诱发变化时，即使是最复杂的混合性紊乱也可能很容易被诊断出来。简单紊乱背后的病理生理学已明确，并作为讨论混合性代谢性、呼吸性酸碱紊乱的框架。文中给出的公式可用于预测任何原发性呼吸障碍应有的代谢性代偿程度，或任何给定程度的原发性代谢性酸中毒或碱中毒时的PCO2应该是多少。本文还讨论了混合性酸碱紊乱最常出现的各种临床情况。
