Frischknecht H R, Sieber B, Waser P G
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1980;70(2):155-61. doi: 10.1007/BF00435307.
Adult mice were treated from parturition to weaning of their first litter with a hashish extract containing 40% delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC), 45% cannabidiol, 9% cannabinol, and 6% other cannabinoids. Oral administrations of 20 mg delta 9-THC/kg three times a week decreased the weight gain of pups from days 3-6 and 6-10 significantly, resulting in about 15% lower body weights on days 6 and 10 compared with control sucklings. Other parameters of development such as the general appearance of the pups were little affected, except for a slight tendency by day 13, when some additional control pups already had both eyes open. The effects of hashish in sucklings might be caused by drug intake with mother's milk, as well as by a decreased lactation of drugged dams. In addition, our pup retrieving tests at the day 3, 1.5-2 h after the second application of hashish extract, showed a decrease in the mother's locomotive and nonsocial activities and pointed to at least transient impairment of the maternal behavior. By day 10, after the fifth administration of hashish extract, a partial tolerance occurred, with normal care for the young, but still decreased nonsocial activities of the drugged dams. Thus our experiments showed distinct effects of cannabis on mice litters when the parents were drugged postnatally during the period of lactation only.
成年小鼠从分娩至第一窝幼崽断奶期间，用一种含有40% Δ9-四氢大麻酚（Δ9-THC）、45%大麻二酚、9%大麻酚和6%其他大麻素的大麻提取物进行处理。每周三次口服20毫克Δ9-THC/千克，显著降低了幼崽在第3 - 6天和第6 - 10天的体重增加，与对照哺乳幼崽相比，在第6天和第10天体重降低了约15%。幼崽的其他发育参数，如总体外观，受影响较小，除了在第13天有轻微趋势，此时一些额外的对照幼崽已经双眼睁开。大麻对哺乳幼崽的影响可能是由于通过母乳摄入药物，以及用药母鼠泌乳减少。此外，在第二次应用大麻提取物后1.5 - 2小时，于第3天进行的幼崽取回测试显示，母鼠的运动和非社交活动减少，表明母性行为至少有短暂受损。到第10天，在第五次给予大麻提取物后，出现了部分耐受性，母鼠对幼崽有正常照顾，但用药母鼠的非社交活动仍然减少。因此，我们的实验表明，仅在哺乳期对亲代进行产后用药时，大麻对小鼠幼崽有明显影响。
