Spivack G, Siegel J, Sklaver D, Deuschle L, Garrett L
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1982 Apr;33(4):291-5. doi: 10.1176/ps.33.4.291.
A sample of 99 long-term patients at an urban community mental health-mental retardation center were interviewed to determine how they spent their time and their degree of happiness with their lives and the services they received at the center. More than half the patients were considered by center staff to be only mildly or moderately impaired, but as a group they were distinguished by low levels of educational, financial, and vocational achievement; only 13 per cent were working more than half time. Most of the patients considered themselves happy, but their life style was oriented toward health and social relationships and lacked a work-task orientation. The authors conclude that the patients' life style meshes closely with the orientation of the treatment system; neither places emphasis on achievement of noninterpersonal tasks or enhancement of a work orientation. The authors believe that many chronic users of community mental health services have the potential to work and that practically all could benefit from the ego-enhancing experiences resulting from the successful accomplishment of tasks and development of skills. Therefore they feel programming for long-term patients should address deficits in work and achievement motivation.
对城市社区心理健康-智力障碍中心的99名长期患者进行了访谈，以确定他们如何打发时间，以及他们对自己生活和在中心所接受服务的幸福程度。中心工作人员认为，超过一半的患者只是轻度或中度受损，但作为一个群体，他们的特点是教育、经济和职业成就水平较低；只有13%的人工作时间超过一半。大多数患者认为自己很幸福，但他们的生活方式以健康和社会关系为导向，缺乏工作任务导向。作者得出结论，患者的生活方式与治疗系统的导向密切契合；两者都不强调非人际任务的完成或工作导向的增强。作者认为，许多社区心理健康服务的长期使用者有工作的潜力，而且几乎所有人都能从成功完成任务和技能发展所带来的增强自我的体验中受益。因此，他们认为针对长期患者的规划应该解决工作和成就动机方面的缺陷。
