Schofferman J A
JACEP. 1976 Jan;5(1):22-5. doi: 10.1016/s0361-1124(76)80161-x.
A prospective, randomized study was performed to compare syrup of ipecac to apomorphine as the emetic of choice in poisoning cases. Of the 28 adults studied, 15 patients (54%) received 30 ml of ipecac orally and 13 received 0.1 mg/kg apomorphine subcutaneously. Emesis was successfully induced with initial therapy in 13 of 15 (87%) ipecac-treated patients and 10 of 13 (77%) apomorphine-treated patients. In the ipecac group the mean latency period before onset of vomiting was 11.6 minutes (range 4 to 26 min) and in the apomorphine group, 5.3 minutes (range 2 to 13 min) (P less than .01). In the ipecac group, one patient suffered moderate central nervous system (CNS) depression. No hypotension or respiratory depression was observed in this group. In the apomorphine group significant CNS depression developed in eight patients (62%), hypotension developed in five (38%) and respiratory depression in one. There was no consistent relationship between type of poison ingested and occurrence of side effects.
进行了一项前瞻性随机研究，以比较吐根糖浆和阿扑吗啡作为中毒病例催吐首选药物的效果。在28名成年受试者中，15名患者（54%）口服了30毫升吐根糖浆，13名患者皮下注射了0.1毫克/千克阿扑吗啡。15名接受吐根糖浆治疗的患者中有13名（87%）在初始治疗后成功催吐，13名接受阿扑吗啡治疗的患者中有10名（77%）成功催吐。吐根糖浆组呕吐开始前的平均潜伏期为11.6分钟（范围4至26分钟），阿扑吗啡组为5.3分钟（范围2至13分钟）（P小于0.01）。吐根糖浆组有1名患者出现中度中枢神经系统（CNS）抑制。该组未观察到低血压或呼吸抑制。阿扑吗啡组有8名患者（62%）出现显著的中枢神经系统抑制，5名患者（38%）出现低血压，1名患者出现呼吸抑制。摄入毒物的类型与副作用的发生之间没有一致的关系。
