Thorne F C, Pishkin V
J Clin Psychol. 1978 Apr;34(2):276-82. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(197804)34:2<276::aid-jclp2270340205>3.0.co;2-3.
Administered the Personal Health Survey to five different groups: 74 incarcerated felons, 47 hospitalized alcoholics, 172 unmarried mothers, 51 college students, and 386 hospitalized chronic schizophrenics. On 191 of 200 items, the schizophrenics had higher base rates than any other group. Although some groups did not have large enough Ns for statistically adequate factor analyses, factorial studies also were done on the four control groups. Every group studied gave different factor patterns, with different orders of emergence of factors, different item loadings and heterogeneous composition of items. It is concluded that subgroups should be factored independently across time to determine population characteristics because overall population patterns do not make possible more than general predictions about subgroups. Individuals cannot be predicted from either overall or subgroup factorial characteristics.
74名被监禁的重罪犯、47名住院酗酒者、172名单身母亲、51名大学生和386名住院慢性精神分裂症患者。在200个项目中的191个项目上，精神分裂症患者的基础发生率高于其他任何群体。尽管有些群体的样本量不够大，无法进行统计上足够的因素分析，但也对四个对照组进行了因素研究。每个被研究的群体都给出了不同的因素模式，包括因素出现的不同顺序、不同的项目负荷以及项目的异质组成。得出的结论是，应该随时间对亚组进行独立的因素分析，以确定人群特征，因为总体人群模式对于亚组的预测只不过是一般性的。无法根据总体或亚组的因素特征来预测个体。
