Wilkins J N, Carlson H E, Van Vunakis H, Hill M A, Gritz E, Jarvik M E
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1982;78(4):305-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00433730.
Results of this study indicate that nicotine from cigarette smoking increases circulating levels of cortisol, growth hormone, and prolactin in male chronic smokers. Previous studies have not addressed the question of whether the stimulus for smoking-related hormone release is the 'stress' of smoking or a pharmacologic action of nicotine and other tobacco substrates. Nicotine exposure is controlled in this study by allowing each subject to smoke only two 2.0 mg nicotine cigarettes during one experimental session and two 0.2 mg nicotine cigarettes in another session. Plasma levels of cortisol, growth hormone, and prolactin for the higher nicotine session were found to be significantly elevated over those for the low-nicotine session, indicating that nicotine itself plays a predominate role in smoking-induced hormone increases. All hormone levels for the 2.0 mg nicotine session had not returned to baseline 60 min after smoking.
这项研究结果表明，吸烟产生的尼古丁会使男性慢性吸烟者体内皮质醇、生长激素和催乳素的循环水平升高。以往的研究尚未探讨与吸烟相关的激素释放刺激因素是吸烟的“压力”，还是尼古丁及其他烟草成分的药理作用。在本研究中，通过让每位受试者在一个实验环节仅吸两支含2.0毫克尼古丁的香烟，在另一个环节吸两支含0.2毫克尼古丁的香烟来控制尼古丁暴露量。结果发现，较高尼古丁含量环节的血浆皮质醇、生长激素和催乳素水平显著高于低尼古丁含量环节，这表明尼古丁本身在吸烟引起的激素增加中起主要作用。在吸完含2.0毫克尼古丁香烟60分钟后，所有激素水平都未恢复到基线水平。
