Wong K C
West J Med. 1983 Feb;138(2):227-32.
Homoiothermic organisms react to hypothermia by shivering and thermogenesis to retain their euthermic state. This reactive homeostatic mechanism recruits a strong sympathetic response, which must be suppressed by anesthesia and adjuvants during induced hypothermia. Below 30 degrees C there is significant neural and organ depression associated with cold narcosis. Cardiac arrhythmias and ventricular fibrillation are grave developments when the core temperature is below 28 degrees C. Proper cardiopulmonary support must be instituted in a patient who has induced or accidental hypothermia at these severely hypothermic levels.Although clinical hypothermia is used to protect the brain and the heart from ischemic insults during an operation, it induces a complex array of physiologic changes in the body that must be appreciated so that optimal care may be provided to a patient.
恒温动物通过颤抖和产热对体温过低做出反应，以维持其正常体温状态。这种反应性稳态机制会引发强烈的交感神经反应，在诱导性体温过低期间，麻醉和佐剂必须抑制这种反应。低于30摄氏度时，会出现与低温麻醉相关的显著神经和器官抑制。当核心体温低于28摄氏度时，心律失常和心室颤动是严重的进展情况。对于处于这些严重低温水平的诱导性或意外性体温过低患者，必须给予适当的心肺支持。尽管临床低温用于在手术期间保护大脑和心脏免受缺血性损伤，但它会在体内引发一系列复杂的生理变化，必须了解这些变化，以便为患者提供最佳护理。
